DEFINITIONS & CORE CONCEPTS
This chronic medical condition has roots in environment, neurotransmission, genetics, and life experiences
What is addiction?
The classic sign of alcohol withdrawal that begins 6 to 8 hours after cessation
What is tremulousness (or "the shakes" or "jitters")?
Stimulants are second only to this drug as the most widely used illicit substances
What is cannabis?
This comprehensive public health program has three major components: screening, brief intervention, and this
What is referral to treatment (SBIRT)?
These two evidence-based psychotherapies are commonly used for substance use disorders
What are cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and motivational interviewing?
The most serious side effects of stimulant withdrawal
What are depression and suicidal thoughts?
For women, this many drinks within 2 hours constitutes binge drinking
What is four or more drinks?
The typical feelings produced by stimulant drugs
What are euphoria and high energy?
The World Health Organization developed this screening tool effective for decades
What is AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test)?
In motivational interviewing, individuals at this stage need help admitting there is a problem
What is precontemplation (stage one)?
These two characteristics, along with craving, accompany reduced ability to function in substance use disorders
What are increased use and tolerance?
This benzodiazepine can be given orally or intramuscularly for mild to moderate agitation and is tapered over 5 to 7 days
What is chlordiazepoxide (Librium) or lorazepam (Ativan)?
A use disorder pattern for stimulants can occur in as little as this timeframe
What is 1 week?
This attitude is essential during screening, regardless of what the individual reveals
What is nonjudgmental?
These residential programs offer substance-free communal living while residents work outside
What are halfway houses?
Without treatment, addiction follows these cycles, similar to other chronic diseases
What are relapse and remission?
Withdrawal seizures typically occur within this timeframe after alcohol cessation
What is 12 to 24 hours?
These three types of people commonly use stimulants mentioned in the textbook
Who are long-distance truckers, students, and athletes (or soldiers)?
These two important trends to identify during screening indicate worsening substance use
What are progression or loss of control (also accept tolerance or withdrawal)?
Relapse prevention includes identifying these, which can threaten sobriety
What are triggers?
Substance-related and addictive disorders are complex brain diseases characterized by craving, seeking, and using regardless of consequences with symptoms falling in to these 4 major categories
What are
•1. Impaired control
•2. Social impairment
•3. Risky use
•4. Physical effects (i.e., intoxication, tolerance, and withdrawal)
This medical emergency can result in death in 20% of untreated patients
What is alcohol withdrawal delirium (or DTs)?
This drug category includes amphetamine-type and cocaine
What are stimulants?
The following screening question is asked during what questionnaire: "Have you ever had a drink first thing in the morning to steady your nerves or get rid of a hangover?"
What is the CAGE questionnaire?
This FDA approved opioid antagonist can be given intranasally, intramuscularly, subcutaneously, or intravenously for opioid overdose.
What is Naloxone (Narcan)?