Hormones/Pituitary Hormones
What are hormones
Hormones are chemical messengers that have specialized functions in regulating the activity of specific cells or orangs as they travel through the bloodstream to their targets
what does the adrenal glands secrete hormones called corticosteroids do
it suppress the body's response to infection or trauma. they also relieve inflammation, reduce swelling, and suppress symptoms in acute conditions
What is hypothyroidism
caused by diminished or absent thyroid function
What is Diabetes melitus (DM
group of hormonal disease characterized by impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and potiens that results in elevated levels of blood glucose
What category does levothyroxine (Synthroid) fall under
Thyroid agents
What drugs are included in the endocrine system
the include natural hormones secured by the ductless glands or synthetic substitutes
what two categories is corticosteroid divided into
1. it a replacement therapy with secretions of the pituitary or adrenal glands are deficient
2. an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant agent
What is graves disease
an autoimmune disorder where antibodies mistakenly attack the thyroid gland. can be caused by hyperthyroidism
what is insulin
insulin is required as replacement therapy for patients with Type 1 diabetes with insufficient production of insulin from the islets of Langerhans in the pancreases.
What category does prednisone (deltasone) fall under
sterapred- Adrenal corticosteroids
Where is the pituitary gland located
located at the base of the brain
what does corticosteroid therapy used for
supportive therapy with other medications
What are antithyroid agents used for
What medications are administrated to lower blood glucose levels
parenteral insulin and oral injectable noninsulin antidiabetic agents
What category does glipizide (Glucotrol) fall under
second-generation sulfonylureas. it is a oral/injectable noninsulin antidiabetic agents
several hormones including- somatotropin, adrenocorticotropic hormones, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and gonadotropic hormones
What can prolonged administration of corticosteroids do
it can cause suppression of the pituitary gland with adrenocortical atrophy- this means the body will no longer produce its own hormone
What are the side effects of antithyroid agents
Rash, urticaria, pruritus
abnormal sense of taste
blood dyscrasias
how must insulin be administrated
must be administrated parenterally because it is destroyed in the GI tract
What category does sitagliptin (januvia) go under
Incretin therapies-oral/injectable noninsulin antidiabetic agent
what is somatotropin
it is the human growth hormone- it regulates growth
Is corticosteroids administrated for short or long term use
It is used for a short time and locally if possible to reduce systemic effects
What are contraindications of antithyroid agents
prolonged therapy
patients older than 40 years old
pregnancy and lactation
hepatic disorders
What does U-100 mean for insulin
100 units of insulin in each milliliter
What category does metformin (Glucophage) fall under
Biguanides- oral/injectable noninsulin antidiabetic agent