In an experiment, it is the variable that is thought to be affected by the manipulation of the independent variable.
What is the dependent variable?
100
Any variables other than the independent variable that seem likely to influence the dependent variable in a specific study.
What are extraneous variables?
100
An in-depth investigation of an individual subject.
What is a case study?
100
A phenomenon that occurs when a researcher's expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results obtained.
What is experimenter bias?
100
Statistics that are used to interpret data and draw conclusions.
What is inferential statistics?
200
The subjects in a study who do not receive the special treatment given to the experimental group.
What is the control group?
200
A tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables.
What is a hypothesis?
200
A descriptive research method in which researchers use questionnaires or interviews to gather information about specific aspects of subjects' behavior.
What is a survey?
200
A tendency to respond to questions in a particular way that is unrelated to the content of the questions.
What is response set bias?
200
The arithmetic average of the scores in a distribution.
What is the mean?
300
The procedures for making empirical observations and measurements.
What are data collection techniques?
300
A periodical that publishes technical and scholarly material, usually in a narrowly defined area of inquiry.
What is a journal?
300
A research strategy in which neither subjects nor experimenters know which subjects are in the experimental or control groups.
What is a double-blind procedure?
300
The fact that subjects' expectations can lead them to experience some change even though they receive an empty, fake, or ineffectual treatment.
What is the placebo effect?
300
An index of the amount of variability in a set of data.
What is standard deviation?
400
A definition that describes the actions or operations that will be made to measure or control a variable.
What is an operational definition?
400
The score that falls exactly in the center of a distribution of scores.
What is the median?
400
A research method in which the investigator manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and observes whether any changes occur in a second variable as a result.
What is an experiment?
400
A problem that occurs when a sample is not representative of the population from which it is drawn.
What is sampling bias?
400
The condition that exists when the probability that the observed findings are due to chance is very low.
What is statistical significance?
500
The subjects in a study who receive some special treatment in regard to the independent variable.
What is the experimental group?
500
A vision deficiency in which close objects are seen clearly but distant objects appear blurry.
What is nearsightedness?
500
When a researcher engages in careful observation of behavior without intervening directly with the subjects.
What is naturalistic observation?
500
A tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself.
What is social desirability bias?
500
The extent to which the scores in a data set tend to vary from each other and from the mean.