Presidents
A Southern Democrat who ran with Abraham Lincoln on the National Union Party ticket, coming to office as the Civil War concluded. He favored quick restoration of the seceded states to the Union without protection for the newly freed people who were formerly enslaved as well as pardoning ex-Confederates.
Who is Andrew Johnson?
Sometimes called Enforcement Act or Force Act, was a United States federal law enacted during the Reconstruction Era that guaranteed African Americans equal treatment in public accommodations, public transportation, and prohibited exclusion from jury service.
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1875?
The United States Steel Corporation was America's first billion-dollar corporation capitalized at $1.4 billion and founded in what year?
What is 1901?
The practice perfected by Andrew Carnegie of controlling every step of industrial production process in order to increase effeciency and limit competition?
What is vertical integration?
The railroad owner who built a railway connecting Chicago and New York. He popularized the use of steel rails in his railroad, which made railroads safer and more economical. This man was one of the few railroad owners to be just and not considered a "Robber Barron".
Who is Cornelius Vanderbilt?
Was a Union soldier, as well as a representative and governor of Ohio. He was the only president to hold office by decision of an extraordinary commission of congressmen and Supreme Court justices appointed to rule on contested electoral ballots.
Who is Rutherford B. Hayes?
A United States federal law that was designed to regulate the railroad industry, particularly its monopolistic practices. The Act required that railroad rates be "reasonable and just", but did not empower the government to fix specific rates.
What is the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887?
What important event occurred on July 1, 1862?
What is Congress authorized construction of the first transcontinental railroad, connecting the Pacific and Atlantic lines. Originally, because railroading was such an expensive enterprise at the time, the federal government provided subsidies by the mile to railroad companies in exchange for discounted rates. Congress also provided federal land grants to railroad companies so that they could lay down more track.?
The practice perfected by John Rockerfeller of dominating most or all of all other businesses of a particular industry into to monopolize a market, often by forming trusts and alliances with competitors?
What is horizontal integration?
A Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist who led the expansion of the American steel industry in the late-19th century and became one of the richest Americans in history.
Who is Andrew Carnegie?
During his short presidency, he asserted presidential authority against senatorial courtesy in executive appointments, purge corruption in the Post Office, and appointed a Supreme Court justice.
Who is James A. Garfield?
A United States antitrust law which prescribes the rule of free competition among those engaged in commerce and consequently prohibits unfair monopolies. It was passed by Congress and is named for Senator John Sherman, its principal author.
What is the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890?
Name the year and invention created by Alexander Graham Bell, that revolutionized the way Americans communicated.
What is the telephone in the year 1876?
The group that theorized that people gained wealth by "survival of the fittest'. Therefore, the wealthy had simply won a natural competition and owed nothing to the poor, and indeed service to the poor would interfere with this organic process. Powerful peoples were "naturally endowed with gifts" that allowed them to gain superiority over others.
What are Social Darwinists?
An American financier and industrial organizer, who's was one of the world’s foremost financial figures during the two pre-World War I decades. He reorganized several major railroads and financed many industrial consolidations.
Who is J.P. Morgan?
This president signed the 15th Amendment to the Constitution, giving black men the right to vote, Congress established the Department of Justice at his request, sent troops to North Carolina to suppress KKK violence and worked tirelessly with Congress to passed the Civil Service Reform Act and the 2nd Enforcement Act to suppress denial of African American rights.
Who is Ulysses S. Grant?
The first major US law ever implemented to prevent all members of a specific national group from immigrating to the United States, and therefore helped shape twentieth-century race-based immigration policy.
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?
Name, year and founder of the nation's first monopolistic trusts using horizontal integration.
What is the Standard Oil Company founded in the year 1870 by John D. Rockefeller?
This first national labor organization founded in 1886 of 600,000 members from many parts of the workforce limited the participation of Chinese, women and blacks to 8 hour work day but was dissolved in 1872.
What is National Labor Union?
He became the world's first confirmed U.S. dollar billionaire in 1916 and hails from one of America's most renowned families. He made possible the founding of the University of Chicago and endowed major philanthropic institutions giving away a total of more than $500 million.
Who is John D. Rockefeller?
During his first presidency, He signed the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 which made the railroad industry the first industry subject to federal regulation by a regulatory body, and the Dawes Act which would lead to Native Americans ceding control of about 100 million acres of land between 1887 and 1934.
Who is Grover Cleveland?
A United States federal law passed by the 47th United States Congress and signed into law by President Chester A. Arthur on January 16, 1883. The act mandates that most positions within the federal government should be awarded on the basis of merit instead of political patronage due to American politics operating on the spoils system during the late 1820s.
What is the Pendleton Act?
What significant event occurred between the period of 1870-1900 that was developed by the Trans-Mississippi Expansion and available railroads that opened up the country further west which allowed markets to expand and monopolies to form. This period was an age of newly formed capital, technologies, business/industry, and other opportunities for the US to develop into a mature industrial society, second to Great Britain. This also allowed big business or monopolies to be empowered.
What is the New Industrial Revolution or What is the 2nd Industrial Revolution?
A supreme court decision that prohibited states from regulating the railroads because the Constitution grants Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce. As a result, reformers turned their attention to the federal government, which now held sole power to regulate the railroad industry.
What is Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific Railroad Company v. Illinois?
Led the AFL (American Federation of Labor), a skilled craft union, fought for wages and working conditions, they went on strike, boycotted and used collective bargaining.
Who is Samuel Gompers?