Industrial Revolution
Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?
Great Britain
the greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England in the mid 1700’s. Spreads from England to Continental Europe & North America
Industrial Revolution
German philosopher cowrote the Communist Manifesto, known for his theories on radical socialism, known as Marxism.
Karl Marx
The economic policy of letting industry and business set working conditions without interference. Comes from the French phrase “Let do”
Laissez faire
associations formed by laborers to work for change. Negotiate for better pay, conditions with employers
unions
A company owned by stockholders, share profits not debts
corporations
Which industry did the Industrial Revolution change first?
Textile
Movement of people to cities and the building of cities
Urbanization
Invented the Cotton Gin
The final stage of socialism; a society where people own, share the means of production. Is both a political and economic system.
communism
strike
limited ownership rights for a company, sold to raise money, a small piece of ownership of a corporation.
stock
What were the living conditions like during the Industrial Revolution?
Sickness widespread; epidemics, like cholera, sweep urban slums
Life span in one large city is only 17 years
Wealthy merchants, factory owners live in luxurious suburban homes
cities lack sanitary codes, building codes, adequate housing, education, police protection
company owned by stockholders, share profits not debts
corporation
British textile workers who emigrated to the U.S. and built the first textile mill from memory (G.B. tried to stop plans for industrialization leaving the country)
Samuel Slater
An economic system in which factors of production are privately owned and money is invested in businesses to make a profit. The system that the United States follows. Less extreme than laissez faire
Capitalism
Why was Industrialization delayed in Europe (mainland Europe)
He improved the steam engine by making it faster and more efficient. Had a unit power named after him.
James Watt
What were some of the ways the agricultural industry industrialized?
Enclosures, crop rotation, selective livestock breeding.
Fenced-in or hedged-in fields created by wealthy landowners on that landed that was formerly worked on by village farmers
enclosures
American educational reformer, credited with the start of k-12 public schooling in the United States
Horrace Man
Radical form of socialism, named after its creator, Karl Marx
Marxism
What event forced the U.S. to become independent, thus leading to industrialization
War of 1812
Act passed in 1842 that prevented women and children from working in mines
Mine Act
What was at least ONE reason why the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain?
1. Natural Resources
2. Strong economy
3. Political stability
Group of workers who attacked factories and destroyed the machines that took their jobs
Scottish professor who wrote The Wealth of Nations, famous for his advocacy for the spread of Capitalism, believed in free markets.
Adam Smith
According to Marx, these people are the "have nots", which includes the working class, who are at odds with the bourgeoisie
proletariat
New Harmony, Indiana is an example of which type of community?
Utopian
According to Marx, these people are the "haves", which includes the upper class and aristocats , who are at odds with the proletariats
bourgeoisie