Prototypes
This prototype drug is an antiprotozoan, but also has antibiotic activity useful for respiratory, bone, skin, and CNS infections
What is metronidazole (Flagyl)?
This virus is spread easily by airborne droplets. The best approach is prevention through annual vaccination.
What is influenza?
Nurses should teach patients to avoid wearing tight-fitting undergarments and occlusive dressings when using this route of anti fungal treatment. (Dressings increase moisture in the infected areas and encourage development of additional yeast infections)
What is the topical route?
This medication interacts with many drugs, and may worsen bone marrow suppression.
What is Zidovudine (AZT)?
The therapeutic goals for the pharmacotherapy of this viral infection include: reducing virus-related morbidity and prolonging survival, improving the quality of life, restoring and preserving natural functions of the immune system
What is HIV-AIDS?
This prototype drug is usually used in combination with other antiviral drugs, and can be used to prevent HIV infection.
What is zidovudine (AZT, Retrovir)?
This nonliving agent is surrounded by protective protein coat (capsid) and contains only a dew dozen genes. It requires a host cell to cause infection.
What is a virus?
Nurses should monitor the patient's ability and motivation to comply with the treatment regimen for this therapy because stopping this therapy may result in a rapid rebound of viral replication.
What is anti-retroviral therapy?
Some degree of nephrotoxicity is observed in most patients being administered this drug. Kidney function tests are normally performed throughout the treatment period.
What is amphotericin B?
This drug was the gold-standard for treating systemic fungal infections until recently.
What is amphotericin B?
This prototype drug is not absorbed in the GI tract, is normally given by IV infusion, and commonly causes fever and chills at the initiation of therapy (which subsides as treatment continues).
What is Amphotericin B (AmBisome)?
A single-celled or multi-cellular organism more complex than bacteria, commonly infecting the respiratory tract, skin, hair, and nails.
What are fungi?
Nurses should teach patients that antiretrovial drugs do not cure HIV, and these lifestyle changes need to occur.
What is avoiding sharing needles, not donating blood, and using barrier protection during sexual activity?
When given orally, this drug may cause diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting.
What is nystatin?
This type of serious systemic infection can occur in the following patients: those with HIV-AIDS, those receiving prolonged corticosteroid therapy, those with extensive burns, those receiving antineoplastic drugs, and those who have recently received organs transplants.
What is an opportunistic fungal disease?
This prototype is mainly used as a topical drug against Candida, with various formulations including cream, ointment, powder, tablets, and lozenges.
What is Nystatin (Mycostatin)?
This single-celled organism is responsible for malaria (the second most common fatal infection is the world).
What are species of the protozoan Plasmodium?
This practice is a must in the prevention of pinworms and roundworms.
What is good hand hygiene?
This drug has few adverse effects when given orally or topically, but can cause painful inflammation of blood vessels when given IV.
What is Acyclovir?
This is the name for fungal infections.
What is mycoses?
This prototype is most effective against HSV-1 and HSV-2, acts by inhibiting viral DNA synthesis to decrease the duration and severity of herpes episodes. It does not cure herpes.
What is Acyclovir (Zovirax)?
This class of viruses can cause serious and ultimately fatal disease and require aggressive drug therapy. They are challenging to treat because of their rapid mutation rate.
What are retroviruses, including HIV?
Nurses should monitor HAART therapy patients for signs of this because immnunosuppression may result in the proliferation of oral bacteria.
What is stomatitis?
The most common adverse effects for this drug include: anorexia, nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, and headache. Dryness of the mouth and an unpleasant metallic taste may be experienced.
What is metronidazole (Flagyl)?
DAILY DOUBLE!!!! EARN 1000 points if you get this right. Fungal infections are classified in these two divisions.
What are superficial or systemic?