O.Chem
All organic molecules contain these two essential elements.
What are carbon and hydrogen?
The monomer of a carbohydrate.
What is a monosaccharide? (simple sugars)
Lipids are _____, which means that they do not like water.
What is hydrophobic?
The monomer of a protein.
What are amino acids?
The monomer of nucleic acid.
What is a nucleotide?
Name this functional group: R-OH
What is a hydroxyl?
The most common function of a simple sugar.
What is short-term energy?
True or False:
Lipids are polymers.
False
What is a peptide bond?
This nucleic acid carries your genetic code.
What is DNA?
The name for the reaction in which a large organic molecule is broken apart, consuming a water molecule.
What is Hydrolysis?
The most common function function of complex carbohydrates.
What is long-term energy storage?
Lipids contain long chains of these two elements.
These two functional groups are found in every amino acid.
What is an amino group (NH2) and a carboxyl (COOH) group?
In DNA, the base guanine always pairs with this base.
What is cytosine?
Compounds with the same molecular formula, but are different only in the arrangement of their atoms, are known as _____ isomers.
What are structural isomers?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen are always found in carbs in this ratio.
What is 1:2:1?
Cell membranes are characterized by the presence of this type of lipid.
What are phospholipids?
The sequence of amino acids forming a single polypeptide demonstrates this structural level of a protein.
What is primary?
This nitrogenous base is unique to RNA and binds to adenine.
What is uracil?
Name this functional group: R-COOH
What is a carboxyl?
The name for the bonds that link monosaccharides together.
What is glycosidic linkage?
Fatty acid chains with one double bond make up _____ fats.
What is unsaturated?
The 3-dimensional final combination of polypeptides and cofactors demonstrates this structural level of a protein.
What is quarternary?
Every nucleic acid consists of a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base, and a ____ _____.
What is a pentose (5 carbon ring) sugar?