Blues
What type of folk song often told local history and included braggadocio?
Ballads
What entertainment form used exaggerated stereotypes of African Americans and was popular in the 19th century?
Minstrelsy
Who was the famous white dance couple that popularized African American–derived dances in a toned-down form?
Vernon and Irene Castle (The Castles)
What does the term “ragtime” mean?
“Ragged time” ...syncopation
What stanza structure distinguishes blues lyrics from most other forms?
AAB
Which researcher and folklorist documented the "Buzzard Lope" tradition in the 1930s, preserving its connection to Gullah culture?
Alan Lomax or Zora Neale Hurston
Which 1927 film carried minstrel stereotypes into the age of movies?
The Jazz Singer
Which African American bandleader directed the Castles’ music and later formed the Hellfighters band in WWI?
James Reese Europe
Who was known as the “King of Ragtime” and composed Maple Leaf Rag?
Scott Joplin
Who heard blues in St. Louis and eventually transformed it into theatrical vaudeville form?
"Ma" Rainey
Name two African American musical principles that influenced jazz.
call and response, polyrhythm, blue notes, timbre variation
What was the name of the black vaudeville circuit that Bessie Smith performed on?
Theater Owners Booking Association (TOBA)
Which march composer’s “Stars and Stripes Forever” became a model for brass band form?
John Phillip Sousa
Which early 20th-century ragtime musician and clarinetist helped bridge ragtime into jazz with his 1911 composition Down Home Rag?
Wilbur Sweatman
Which cornet player is credited with publishing blues songs for dance ensembles? (Wrote the St. Louis Blues)
W.C. Handy
Which forms of African American folk or religious music influenced the development of early jazz?
spirituals, work songs, field hollers, and religious singing traditions
Besides film, name one way minstrel stereotypes persisted in 20th century media.
Vaudeville or radio
What structural element in marches is often twice as long, in a new key, and contrasting with earlier strains?
The Trio
Which technological development in the early 20th century helped spread the blues to wider audiences and led to the creation of 'race records'?
Recording technology/phonograph records
Who were the two performers on the 1923 recording of Reckless Blues that demonstrated call and response?
Bessie Smith and Louis Armstrong