vocab
a non protein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme
cofactor
the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energyand pyruvic acid
glycolysis
respiration in the absence of oxygen. This produces lactc acid
anaerobic respiration
respiration that requires oxygen
aerobic respiration
a series of chemical reactions that either builds a complex molecule or breaks down a complex molecule into simpler compounds
metabolic pathway
system that enables the 4 nucleotides of DNA to code for the amino acids sequence of all proteins
genetic code
process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
translation
synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template
transcription
enzymes catalysts for chemical reactions in living things
enzymes
the complete instructions for making an organism
genome
construtive metabolism: the process of building up larger molecules form smaller ones
anabolism
metabolic pathways that break down molecules: releasing energy
catabolism
the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water
hyrdolysis
a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specfic trait
gene
converts nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (atp), the cells energy currency, through three main stages: glycosis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
Cellular respiration