UNIQUE NATURE OF PURE WATER
What is the chemical formula for water?
Hâ‚‚O
What color of light travels deepest into the ocean?
Blue
What is the amount of dissolved salt in water called?
Salinity
What gas from the atmosphere dissolves into the ocean?
Carbon Dioxide
What is the first ocean layer, also called the Sunlight Zone?
Epipelagic Zone
What are the three states of water?
Solid, liquid, & gas
What tool measures water clarity?
Secchi disk
What is the average salinity of ocean water?
3.5%
What is the average pH range of the ocean?
8.0-8.3
What is the second ocean layer, also called the Twilight Zone?
Mesopelagic Zone
What type of bond attracts water molecules to each other?
Hydrogen bond
What happens to water pressure as depth increases?
It increases
Which two ions make up most of the dissolved salts in seawater?
Sodium & chloride
What process causes the ocean to become less alkaline?
Ocean Acidification
What ocean zone is known as the Midnight Zone?
Bathypelagic Zone
Why does ice float on water?
Ice is less dense than liquid water.
How much additional pressure is added every 10 meters underwater?
1 Atmosphere
What happens to water density when salinity increases?
Density Increases
What process converts carbon dioxide into organic compounds like glucose?
Photosynthesis
Which ocean zone is 4,000–6,000 meters deep and is home to sea pigs and sea spiders?
Abyssopelagic Zone
How does water's high heat capacity help marine organisms?
It prevents rapid temperature changes.
Why does sound travel about 4.5 times faster in water than in air?
Water is denser than air.
What two factors mainly control seawater density?
Temperature & Salinity
Why does ocean acidification make it harder for marine animals to build shells?
It makes calcium carbonate structures harder to form and maintain.
Which ocean zone extends from 6,000–11,000 meters and includes the Mariana Trench?
Hadalpelagic Zone