Chapter 3 Vocabulary
A plain at the mouth of a river, formed when sediment is deposited by flowing water
What are the two main sources of the Nile River?
Blue Nile and White Nile
What are the three distinct kingdoms?
Old, Middle, New
Why did ancient Egyptians bury their dead with food and other possessions?
Egyptians believed the dead took whatever items they were buried with to the afterlife.
Pictures and other written symbols that stand for ideas, things, or sounds
Hieroglyphics
The title for kings in ancient Egypt
Pharaoh
What does "the black land" refer to? And what does "the red land" refer to?
"The black land" is the fertile soil around the Nile River and "the red land" is the desert areas surrounding the Nile River Valley.
He was the first pharaoh of Egypt who united Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. Who is he?
Menes/Narmer
Name the four organs stored in canopic jars.
Lungs, liver, stomach, intestines
Why was it important for the Egyptians to figure out the length of their year? Think about the Nile!
To know when the Nile flooding season was to begin
A fine soil found on river bottoms
Silt
It is another word for FLOODING
What is the name for the period of time in between each "kingdom"?
an intermediate period
What happened to the brain after it was removed during mummification?
It was thrown away. Egyptians believed the brain was a useless organ.
Besides hieroglyphics, what other two languages were found on the Rosetta Stone?
The Greek alphabet and Egyptian demotic script
Complete control over someone or something
Absolute power
In what way did Egyptians benefit by having the Nile surrounded by desert on either side?
The desert was very hot and dry which prevented invaders from traveling across it to attack.
King Tut only ruled for a small amount of time, yet his tomb is one of the greatest discoveries from ancient Egypt. Why?
Tutankhamen's tomb was hidden so well that it was practically untouched. All of his belongings were found within his hidden tomb.
Why were pyramid tombs abandoned and replaced with tombs constructed in mountainsides?
Due to tomb robberies, Egyptians began burying their dead in more hidden locations underground
How were mathematics or science used in pyramid building?
Basic measurement skills were used to shape perfect blocks for pyramids. Geometry was used to appropriately measure right angles for pyramids. Many simple machines were used to construct the pyramids.
Someone who rules for a child until the child is old enough to rule
Regent
Why were Egyptians unable to trade south into Nubia along the Nile River?
In Nubia, many cataracts occurred along the Nile and made it impossible for ships to safely travel.
Who was responsible for appointing Cleopatra as one of the final pharaoh's of ancient Egypt?
Alexander the Great. He was responsible for appointing pharaohs when the Macedonians (Greeks) took over Egypt.
This was the carved stone that was the final encasement of a pharaoh's coffin.
A sarcophagus
What was significant about the three languages on the Rosetta Stone?
The Rosetta Stone proved that the three languages on the stone were all the same thing. It was a language translator.