Lesson 1: Heat Flow
Lesson 2: Waves
Lesson 3: Fuels: Our Major Energy Source
Lesson 4: Heat Transfer in Solids and Fluids
100
How are kinetic energy and potential energy similar and different?
Kinetic energy is the energy of any moving object. Potential energy is the energy that is stored in an object by moving its location. Both kinds of energy involve the ability to bring about changes or to do work.
100
What is the difference between wavelength and amplitude?
Wavelength is the distance from the top of one crest to the top of the next or from the bottom of one trough to the bottom of the next. Amplitude is the distance from the wave’s midpoint to its crest (or trough).
100
What is the difference between a nonrenewable resource and a renewable resource?
A nonrenewable resource cannot be replaced in nature once it is used; a renewable resource continues to be available.
100
How is heat transferred between two solids at different temperatures? At the same temperatures?
Heat from the warmer solid will move to the cooler solid. No heat will move between objects at the same temperatures.
200
How is temperature different from heat?
Temperature is the average kinetic energy of molecules in a substance. Heat flow is the movement of energy from a warm object to a cool one.
200
What’s the difference between high frequency and low frequency?
Waves with high frequencies vibrate faster than waves with lower frequencies.
200
How is the energy of a rolling object different from the energy of the same object at rest?
The rolling object has kinetic energy, whereas the same object at rest has only potential energy.
200
What is the difference between conduction in a solid and convection in a liquid or gas?
Conduction transfer energy in solid by direct contact. Convection transfers energy by the flow of heat in a liquid or a gas.
300
Compare heat flow between a hot object and a cold object with heat flow between two objects at the same temperature.
If the objects are a different temperatures, heat flows from the warmer one to the cooler one. No heat flows between two objects at the same temperature.
300
Why is water a better sound transmitter than air?
Sound waves need matter to travel through. They travel better where there is more matter. Matter is liquids is denser than in gases.
300
What do friction and energy have in common? How do they differ?
Both friction and energy produce heat. Energy causes objects to move; friction helps them stop.
300
How does a convection current carry heat throughout a liquid or gas?
As a liquid or gas is warmed, it becomes less dense and rises. As it rises away from its heat source, it cools and becomes denser. Its increased density causes it to sink back toward the heat source, where the cycle begins again.
400
Describe how an ice cube cools off a hot drink.
Energy is transferred from the hot drink to the cooler ice cube. As the heat leaves the drink, the drink cools.
400
How does an electromagnetic wave carry energy?
An electromagnetic wave vibrates back and forth across the direction in which the wave travels. Electromagnetic waves can travel without matter. Some electromagnetic waves can travel through matter.
400
What’s the difference between a reactant and a product?
A reactant is an original substance used in a chemical reaction. A product is a new substance formed from the chemical reaction.
400
How does a convection current carry heat throughout a liquid or gas?
As a liquid or gas is warmed, it becomes less dense and rises. As it rises away from its heat source, it cools and becomes denser. Its increased density causes it to sink back toward the heat source, where the cycle begins again.
500
How do insulators differ from conductors?
Insulators do not distribute heat but concentrate it in the place where it is applied; conductors absorb heat and distribute it evenly.
500
Explain how vibrations from a drum reach your ear.
The vibrating drum causes the air around it to vibrate. The outer ear directs the vibrations down the ear canal toward the sensitive sound detectors inside the ear.
500
Describe the process by which coal is burned.
When the reactants- coal and oxygen- are burned, they release energy, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.
500
How does the vibration of atoms conduct heat through a solid?
Atoms vibrate. Warm atoms vibrate faster than cooler atoms. When faster-moving, warmer atoms collide with slower moving, cooler atoms, they transfer some of their kinetic energy to the slower moving atoms.
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