The Earth System
What is the major source of energy for Earth processes?
The Sun
What two things increase as you move deeper into the Earth?
Pressure and Temperature.
What is runoff called that flows in a thin layer over the land.
Sheet erosion
What is the mixture of sediment that a glacier deposits directly on the surface?
Till
What is a part of the shore that sticks out into the ocean?
Headland
Where is most of Earth's mass contained?
Geosphere
What two pieces of evidence do Scientists use to help them understand Earth's interior?
What is a looplike bend in the course of a river?
Meander
What Constantly pulls glaciers downhill?
Gravity
Where does the energy in waves come from?
The wind
What are the two types of forces that shape and change Earth?
Constructive and Destructive Forces
Outer-Liquid
Inner-Solid
What is the Largest Watershed in the World?
The Great Lakes/St. Lawrence River Basin
What is plucking?
Process by which glaciers pick up rock as they move across the land.
What are the two ways waves erode the coast?
Impact and Abrasion
What are Earth's four spheres?
Atmosphere, Geosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere
What are the two major differences between Continental and Oceanic Crust?
Continental Crust - Composition varies greatly, and thick
Name one landform created by water erosion or deposition and how it forms.
Erosion - Waterfall, Floodplain, Meander, Oxbow Lake, Caves
Deposition - Deltas, Alluvial Fans, Stalactite, Stalagmite
Name one landform created by glacial erosion/deposition and how it forms.
Erosion - Cirque, Horn, Fjord, Arete
Deposition - Moraine, Kettle
What are the four coastal features created by Wave Deposition?
Beach, Sandbar, Barrier Beach, Spit
What are the two main sources of Energy that drive Earth systems?
The Sun, Heat flowing out as Earth cools
What are the compositional layers of the Earth and the physical layers in order from the surface to the center of the Earth?
Compositional - Crust/Mantle/Core
Physical - Lithosphere/Asthenosphere/Mesosphere/Outer Core/Inner Core
What are the five main factors of runoff?
amount of rain, vegetation, type of soil, shape of the land, how people use the land.
How long ago did the most recent Ice Age end?
10,000 years.
What causes a wave to slow down as it approaches land.
Friction