States of Matter
What is a solid?
The ability of iron to rust is what type of property?
What is a chemical property?
Tearing paper is what type of change?
What is physical change?
What are reactants?
A mixture that does not blend smoothly and substances remain distinct.
What is a heterogenous mixture?
This state of matter fills the entire shape of its container and is easily compressed.
What is a gas?
Give an example of both a physical property and a chemical property of copper.
What are (physical: color, density) and (chemical: reacts with oxygen to form CuO)?
Burning wood is what type of change?
What is a chemical change?
In the equation H₂ + O₂ → H₂O, the product is this.
What is water?
The technique used to separate pigments in markers or plant extracts.
What is chromatography?
A gas that is normally a liquid or solid at room temperature is called?
What is a vapor?
A property that does not depend on the amount of a substance, like density or color.
What is an intensive property?
What are color change and formation of gas/odor/temp change?
In a catalytic converter, 10 g of O₂ reacts with CO to form 40 g of CO₂. What is the mass of CO?
What is 30 g?
Salt water is an example of this type of mixture.
What is homogeneous?
Explain why gases are compressible but liquids and solids are not.
What is because gas particles are far apart with space between them, while liquids/solids have particles closely packed together?
Water has a density of 1.00 g/cm³ at room temperature. Ice has a density of 0.92 g/cm³. Explain why ice floats on water.
What is because ice is less dense than liquid water, so it displaces a greater mass of water and floats?
A student boils water until it becomes steam. Then the steam condenses back into liquid water. Which physical properties remain unchanged during this process?
What are composition (H₂O) and mass?
In a reaction, 24 g of magnesium reacts with 32 g of oxygen to produce magnesium oxide. According to the Law of Conservation of Mass, what is the total mass of magnesium oxide formed?
What is 56 g?
The technique used to separate substances with different boiling points.
What is distillation?
Dry ice (solid CO₂) sublimates at room temperature. Why is this considered a physical change, not a chemical change?
What is because the chemical composition of CO₂ does not change, only the state of matter?
Classify the following as intensive or extensive properties, and explain your reasoning: mass, density, melting point, and volume.
What are (mass = extensive, density = intensive, melting point = intensive, volume = extensive), because extensive depends on amount while intensive does not?
Baking soda (NaHCO₃) reacts with vinegar (CH₃COOH) to produce carbon dioxide gas, water, and sodium acetate. Identify the signs of chemical change in this reaction.
What are gas formation (CO₂ bubbles), temperature change (reaction is endothermic), and new substances formed (water + sodium acetate)?
A 5.0 g piece of iron rusts completely in air, forming 7.1 g of rust. How much oxygen combined with the iron?
What is 2.1 g of oxygen?
A sealed container holds a mixture of water and salt. The total mass is 150 g. After the water evaporates completely (but the container remains sealed), the mass is measured again.
Question: What is the final mass of the container and contents, and why?
What is 150 g, because no matter leaves or enters the closed system, so mass is conserved?