The preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the past...
What are fossils?
100
Of the following methods, which led scientists to infer that Earth is about 4.6 billion years old?
What is using radioactive dating on moon rocks?
100
Convection currents within Earth's core and mantle transfer large amounts of heat when:
What are hotter, less dense rock rises and cooler, more dense rock sinks?
100
The relative age of a rock is...
What is its age compared with the ages of other rocks?
100
The sedimentary rock formed when water deposits tiny particles of clay in very thin, flat layers called...
What are shale?
200
A fossil formed when minerals replace all or part of an organism is called a...
What is a petrified fossil?
200
True of False: During conduction heat is transferred by the movement of currents within a fluid.
What is False, convection?
200
A measure of the average kinetick energy of the individual particles in an object is called:
What is temperature?
200
Radioactive dating works best with what type of rocks?
What are igneous rocks?
200
What step in the rock cycle would be required to change granite into sandstone?
What is granite particles settle on the ocean floor?
300
______________ fossils are helpful to geologists because they reveal the relative ages of the rock layers in which they occur.
What are Index?
300
When you touch a hot plate, the transfer of heat from the plate to your hand is called _______________?
What is conduction?
300
The movement of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object is called:
What is heat?
300
To describe a rock's texture, geologists determine...
What is the size, shape, and pattern of the rock's grains?
300
True or false: The law of superposition helps geologists determine the absolute age of a rock layer.
What is false, relative age?
400
What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth's layers?
What are crust, mantle, outer core, inner core?
400
Metamorphic rocks such as marble and quartzite are said to be _______________ because their mineral grains are not arranged in parallel layers or bands.
What is nonfoliated?
400
Heat is transferred from one particle of matter to another without the movement of matter itself in a process called:
What is conduction?
400
What are two useful metamorphic rocks?
What are marble and slate?
400
True or False: Rock layers are always younger than the faults that cut across them.
What is false, older than?
500
A sedimentary rock made up of rock fragments with rounded edges is called...
What is conglomerate?
500
Coal can be classified as which type of rock...
What is organic?
500
True or False: Mantle material rises in convection currents because heated materials become more dense.
What is False, less dense?
500
Metamorphic rocks that are nonfoliated...
What are do not split into layers?
500
The small particles of rock or the remains of living things that make up sedimentary rocks are called cement.