Minerals
Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
Surprise!
100
What is the mineral property that describes the way the surface of a mineral reflects light?
LUSTER describes the way the surface of a mineral reflects light.
100
What is lava?
Lava is magma that reaches Earth's surface.
100
What are sediments?
Sediments are tiny particles of rocks and minerals, bits of plants, bones, shells, or other animal materials.
100
Does a rock stay the same forever? Explain your answer.
No, rocks do not stay the same forever. Rocks are always being changed either by weathering, compaction, or melting, or through pressure and heat.
100
List the three types of cleavage.
Minerals can cleave in cubes, in thin, flat sheets, or any which way they want!
200
Cleavage describes _________________.
Cleavage describes the way a mineral splits.
200
Igneous rocks are formed when ___________ ___________ hardens.
Igneous rocks are formed when MELTED ROCK hardens.
200
True or False? Each layer in a sedimentary rock was formed at a different time.
TRUE!
200
Why do metamorphic rocks have different properties?
Metamorphic rocks have different properties because they are formed from different minerals. Some metamorphic rocks undergo different amounts of heat or pressure, which can affect the final rock's properties.
200
Which type of rock is formed under high pressure and high temperatures?
Metamorphic
300
The color of the powder left when a mineral is scratched along a white tile is called ____________________.
The color of the powder left when a mineral is scratched along a white tile is called STREAK.
300
If igneous rock cools off slowly, then its mineral grains/crystals will be _______________.
If igneous rock cools off slowly, then its mineral grains/crystals will be LARGE.
300
Which of the following is an example of a sedimentary rock? A-Gabbro, B-Pumice, C-Limestone, D-Obsidian
C-Limestone
300
A squeezing force that pushes things together is called _________________.
A squeezing force that pushes things together is called PRESSURE.
300
If a rock has many tiny pieces of shells in it, what type of rock is it?
Metamorphic
400
Minerals are formed from ____________ and high pressure.
Minerals are formed from HEAT and high pressure.
400
Describe the difference between intrusive igneous rocks and extrusive igneous rocks.
Intrusive igneous rocks are formed inside Earth's crust, and extrusive igneous rocks are formed above Earth's surface.
400
Describe how sedimentary rocks are formed.
Sediment is picked up by water, wind, and ice, and eventually dropped in a new place. Over time, more layers of sediment are dropped on top of older layers. The weight from the top layers squeezes out water and air from the lower layers and presses together the sediments on the bottom.
400
Describe how metamorphic rock is formed.
Metamorphic rock is formed from other rocks by extreme heat and pressure deep inside Earth.
400
How is the rock cycle a lot like recycling?
The rock cycle is a continuous process. Old objects are made into new objects. The physical properties of an object may change.
500
List all five properties we use to describe rock-forming minerals.
Color, luster, streak, cleavage, and hardness
500
Christie picks up a rock with lots of tiny holes in it. Why might the rock float?
The rock might float because is has gas trapped in it from when it was formed.
500
You have an unknown rock sample. How could you convince your friend that it is a sedimentary rock?
Possible Answer: You could show your friend how the rock has layers of sediment that is cemented together.
500
Which type of metamorphic rock is mined from Earth and burned as fuel?
Coal
500
What is the rock cycle?
The rock cycle is the continuous process by which rocks change from one form to another.
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