Court Basics
What is the main purpose of the court system
To settle disputes and apply the law.
What is the highest court in the U.S.?
The Supreme Court.
What is a crime
An act against the public good that is punishable by law.
What type of crime involves taking property unlawfully?
Theft or larceny.
What is a warrant?
A legal document authorizing an arrest or search.
What document established the U.S. Supreme Court
The U.S. Constitution.
What type of cases do federal courts hear?
Cases involving federal laws or disputes between states.
Who is the person accused of a crime
The defendant.
What type of crime involves physical harm or threat of harm?
Assault or battery.
What are Miranda rights?
Rights read to a suspect upon arrest.
What is jurisdiction
The authority of a court to hear a case.
What is a trial court?
The first court to hear a case and determine the facts.
What is the government’s lawyer called in a criminal case
The prosecutor.
What is arson?
The willful burning of property.
What is bail?
Money paid to ensure a defendant appears in court.
What are the two main types of courts in the U.S.?
Federal and state courts.
What is a juvenile court?
A court that handles cases involving minors.
What is the difference between a felony and a misdemeanor?
A felony is serious; a misdemeanor is less serious.
What is forgery?
Making or altering a document to defraud someone.
What is a plea bargain?
An agreement where the defendant pleads guilty to a lesser charge.
What is an appellate court
A court that reviews decisions made by lower courts.
What is a small claims court?
A court for minor civil disputes involving limited amounts of money.
What must be proven “beyond a reasonable doubt”?
The defendant’s guilt.
What is fraud?
Deception for personal or financial gain.
What is the final decision of a jury called?
The verdict.