Acute Radiation Syndromes
This stage of Acute Radiation Syndrome is characterized by nausea, vomiting, and fatigue, appearing within minutes or hours after exposure.
What is the Prodromal stage?
The primary system affected by Hematologic Syndrome, leading to reduced immunity and clotting ability.
What is the Hematopoietic system?
This 1986 disaster released 50 million curies of radiation and caused widespread acute radiation sickness.
What is the Chernobyl disaster?
This type of effect, often caused by low radiation doses over a long period, can result in cancer or genetic mutations.
What are Stochastic effects?
This acronym is a principle in radiologic protection, emphasizing the need to keep radiation exposure as low as possible.
What is ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable)?
The lethal dose (LD 50/60) of radiation that can be fatal to 50% of the exposed population within 60 days is between ___ Gyt.
What is 3.0 to 4.0 Gyt?
A dose of 6 Gyt to 10 Gyt causes this syndrome, which primarily affects the digestive system.
What is Gastrointestinal Syndrome?
Survivors of this historical event provided much of the early data on radiation-induced damage and ARS.
What is Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
The most common cancer associated with radiation exposure, particularly in survivors of the atomic bombs.
What is Leukemia?
Temporary sterility in men can occur with radiation doses as low as ___ Gyt.
What is 2.5 Gyt?
This syndrome occurs at doses above 50 Gyt and affects the brain, leading to coma and death within days.
What is Cerebrovascular Syndrome?
This type of tissue damage results from localized radiation exposure, leading to skin burns or hair loss.
What is Local Tissue Damage?
This group of islanders was exposed to high levels of fallout during an atomic bomb test in 1954.
Who are the Marshall Islanders?
This term refers to the risk of biological damage increasing with radiation dose without a minimum safe dose.
What is a Linear non-threshold dose-response relationship?
What practice reduces the risk of radiation-induced cancer by limiting unnecessary exposure in diagnostic radiology?
What is shielding and minimizing exposure time?
Symptoms of this syndrome, which appears at doses of 1 to 10 Gyt, include decreased white blood cell count, anemia, and internal bleeding.
What is Hematologic Syndrome?
Temporary sterility in men can occur with doses as low as ___ Gyt, while permanent sterility can result from ___ Gyt.
What are 2.5 Gyt and 5 to 6 Gyt?
Following the Chernobyl disaster, how many people were hospitalized for Acute Radiation Syndrome?
What is over 200 people?
Exposure to ionizing radiation increases the likelihood of developing this eye condition, often with a dose of 2 Gyt or higher.
What are Cataracts?
This type of radiation protection model assumes that even small doses of radiation carry some risk.
What is the Linear non-threshold model?
This phase of Acute Radiation Syndrome is a temporary period of apparent recovery after initial symptoms, but before severe symptoms begin.
What is the Latent period?
The threshold dose for the onset of gastrointestinal syndrome is approximately __ Gyt.
What is 6 Gyt?
This measurement refers to the amount of radiation exposure that can be lethal to 100% of an exposed population within 60 days.
What is LD 100/60?
What is the term for a graphical curve that shows the relationship between the dose of radiation and the observed biological effects?
What is a Dose-response curve?
What is the term for the process that allows cells to repair damage from sublethal doses of radiation?
What is cellular repair and recovery?