Anatomy and Physiology
Risk Factors
Signs and Symptoms
Diagnostics
Nursing Care and Treatment
100
These vessels supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle

Coronary arteries

100

Name one or more modifiable risk factors for CAD (coronary artery disease)

smoking, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, or hyperlipidemia

100

The classic term for chest pain associated with ischemia

angina pectoris

100
This initial test must be completed within 10 minutes when ACS is suspected. 

12-lead ECG

100

The first medication given for chest pain related to ACS unless contraindicated; it helps reduce platelet aggregation. 

aspirin

200

this structure separates the right and left sides of the heart and prevents the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. 

septum. 

200

This lipid type is known as "bad cholesterol" and contributes to plaque buildup. 

LDL cholesterol 

200
This symptom is more common in women and older adults during MI and may appear instead of chest pain. 

fatigue, nausea, or back pain

200
This cardiac biomarker is the gold standard for diagnosing myocardial infarction. 

troponin 

200

This vasodilator can relieve angina but is avoided if systolic BP is too low. 

nitroglycerin

300

the term for chest pain caused by reduced coronary blood flow. 

angina 

300

This psychological factor, linked to increased cortisol and sympathetic activation, is recognized as a contributor to CAD development.

chronic stress
300

Pain radiating to this left-sided body part is a hallmark MI feature. 

left arm. 

300

ST-segment elevation indicates this type of acute coronary syndrome 

STEMI

300
The acronym for the immediate treatment bundle given in suspected MI 

MONA (morphine, oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin) 

400

this layer of the heart is primarily affected during a myocardial infarction. 

myocardium

400

This common lipid abnormality increases CAD risk by lowering the level of "good" cholesterol that helps remove plaque from arteries. 

low HDL cholesterol

400
Diaphoresis during Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) occurs due to activation of this nervous system branch. 

sympathetic nervous system 

400

This stress test imaging technique uses sound waves to evaluate heart wall movement. 

echocardiogram 

400

PCI should ideally be performed within this timeframe from first medical contact in STEMI.

90 minutes 

500

name the process by which plaques gradually narrow coronary arteries.

atherosclerosis

500

This sleep related condition increases the risk of CAD by causing repeated periods of low oxygen and increased cardiac workload. 

Obstructive sleep apnea

500
Silent ischemia is most common in patients with this chronic disease. 

diabetes mellitus 

500

The definitive diagnostic procedure that visualizes coronary artery blockages directly

coronary angiography (cardiac catheterization) 

500
This class of medications reduces heart workload and oxygen demand but is contraindicated in severe bradycardia or heart block. 

beta-blockers

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