DNA Structure and Function
Protein Synthesis & DNA Damage
DNA to Protein Pathway
Changes in cell Growth
Changes in Cell Reproduction
Mitosis in Action
100
This shape describes the twisted ladder-like structure of DNA.
What is a double helix?
100
This process uses mRNA to build proteins in the cytoplasm.
What is translation?
100
DNA is located in this part of the cell.
What is the nucleus?
100
This term describes an increase in the size of individual cells, leading to larger tissue
What is hypertrophy?
100
This term describes an increase in cell reproduction, often leading to tissue enlargement.
What is hyperplasia?
100
Mitosis is essential for this process, which helps heal wounds.
What is tissue repair?
200
These are the four nitrogen-containing bases found in DNA
What are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine?
200
This process copies genetic information from DNA to mRNA.
What is transcription?
200
Protein synthesis occurs in this part of the cell.
What is the cytoplasm?
200
This term refers to a decrease in the size of individual cells, causing tissue to shrink.
What is atrophy?
200
This abnormal change in cell reproduction results in cells that lack normal structure and function.
What is anaplasia?
200
This type of cell divides rapidly through mitosis to replace old or damaged cells.
What are skin cells?
300
A gene is a specific segment of this molecule.
What is DNA?
300
Abnormal DNA can lead to this, often due to inheritance or damage.
What is disease?
300
These molecules help speed up chemical reactions in cells.
What are enzymes?
300
Atrophy can result from lack of use, poor nutrition, or this type of damage.
What is mechanical or chemical damage?
300
Anaplasia is often associated with this type of disease.
What is cancer?
300
Mitosis ensures that each daughter cell receives this.
What is an identical set of chromosomes?
400
In DNA, adenine always pairs with this base.
What is thymine?
400
In Translation, This is a series of three nucleotide bases that act as a code for a specific amino acid
What is a condon?
400
The information in genes controls the production of these two types of molecules.
What are proteins and enzymes?
400
This condition involves the production of abnormal, undifferentiated cells.
What is anaplasia?
400
Hyperplasia and hypertrophy both increase tissue size, but only this one increases cell number.
What is hyperplasia?
400
Errors in mitosis can lead to this uncontrolled cell growth.
What is cancer?
500
The sequence of base pairs in DNA forms this, which determines heredity.
What is the genetic code?
500
This type of RNA carries genetic instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
What is messenger RNA (mRNA)?
500
Cellular chemical reactions, guided by enzymes, determine these two aspects of a cell.
What are structure and function?
500
What is metastasize or spreading?
500
These external factors can cause DNA damage, leading to abnormal cell reproduction.
What are chemical irritants, mechanical irritants, radiation, bacteria, and viruses?
500
Mitosis is most active during this phase of the cell cycle
What is the M phase or Metaphase?