4.1
What is matter?
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space
What’s the formula for density? And what is the unit for it?
Density = mass/volume
Unit= g/cm3
The ability of a substance to burn in air
Is the solid form of water (ice) less or more dense than its liquid form? And what does this mean when the ice forms in water? Does it form on the bottom or the surface?
It’s solid form is less dense than its liquid form, which leads to the ice forming on the surface of lakes.
What is a pure substance and a mixture? Provide examples for the 2
Pure substance is matter that contains only one kind of particle- example: water, oxygen gas
Mixture is matter that contains more than one kind of particle- example: salt water, the air that we breathe.
One side of a cube of an unknown metal measures 0.53 cm. If the mass of the cube is 0.92 g, what is the density of the cube?
First you have to find the volume!
Volume = side x side x side
V= 0.53 x 0.53 x 0.53 =0.149 cm3
Density = 0.93g /0.149cm3 = 6.18g/cm3
Which of the following is a chemical property?
1. the smell of natural gas
2. the combustibility of propane
3. the freezing point of water
2. the combustibility of propane
What is an aqueous solution?
A solution with water as a solvent is called an aqueous solution.
What is an element and a compound? Provide examples for the two.
element: a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler parts by chemical methods. Example : helium
Compound: a pure substance made of two or more different elements that are chemically combined. Example: water (hydrogen and oxygen)
What is bioaccumulation and biomagnification?
bioaccumulation involves the build-up of toxic substances in the tissues of animals over time.
This can lead to biomagnification, which involves the accumulation of these toxic substances in progressively higher concentrations toward the top of food chains.
What is a chemical property?
chemical property the ability of a substance to change (react) and form new substances
What are some examples of qualitative physical properties and some examples for quantitative physical properties.
Qualitative: colour, odour, state, and texture
Quantitative: boiling point, melting point, solubility, hardness, density, and conductivity.
List and describe the different states of matter. There are 9 (this will be mix and match on the test إِنْ شَاءَ ٱللَّٰهُ)
Melting is the change of state from solid to liquid.
The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid is called the melting point.
Solidification is the opposite of melting, when a substance changes from a liquid to a solid.
Evaporation is the change of state from liquid to a gas.
The temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas is called the boiling point.
Condensation is the opposite of evaporation and is the change in state from a gas to a liquid.
Some substances have the ability to change directly from a solid to a gas. This process is called sublimation.
When substances change from a gas to a solid, it is called deposition.
The hardness of a substance refers to its ability to be scratched.
What is stability and toxicity?
stability the ability of a substance to remain unchanged
toxicity the ability of a substance to cause harmful effects in plants and animals
What is a filter used for? What is a magnet used for? And what distillation used for?
A filter can be used to separate solids from liquids or gases.
A magnet will attract iron and steel objects and leave other objects behind.
Distillation can be used to separate liquids in a mixture, based on boiling point.