Flowing Waters
the source of a river
headwaters
the type of rock most commonly associated with caverns
limestone
type of weathering involves the breaking and peeling away of rock into layers
exfoliation
when a glacier-carved valley fills with seawater
fjord
Regions of the earth's surface where limestone is exposed and abundant are called _________ regions.
Karst
the sediments carried by a stream
load
deep cracks that develop on the surface of glaciers
crevasses
the carrying away of rock fragments, such as by wind or running water
erosion
the most important effect of wind erosion
deflation
A long pile of rocks deposited parallel to the shore to prevent erosion is a(n) _________________.
breakwater
a large stream that carries water from the mountains to the sea
river
vertical face of a rock that forms when the sea erodes land
sea cliff
method of erosion preventing that modifies a smooth slope into a series of level, stairlike steps
terracing
the sharp steeple-point shape point of a mountain with three or more cirques
horn
A large funnel shaped depression in the ground caused by a cavern collapse is a(n) ______________.
sinkhole
land that boarders a river and is covered by river water in flood time
floodplain
large, deep grooves and scratches in rock, produced by glaciers
striae
the main agent of chemical weathering
water
type of weathering that occurs when rainwater soaks into cracks in a rock and then freezes, splitting a rock
ice wedging
Narrow, sandy islands that lie off the coast of the mainland are ____________________.
barrier islands
a winding, looping curve in a river on flat ground
meander
is produced when a sea cave is eroded continually
sea arch
particles too heavy to be lifted by the wind are rolled in short bursts
creep
fan shaped deposit of sediments at the mouth of a dry stream bed in a dessert
alluvial fan
Suspension, saltation, and creep, in which wind transports sediments, are ____________________ processes.
aeolian