4.1 Liquid
Define fluids.
What are the two fluids.
Matter that has no definite shape
Liquids and gasses
Name on thing a hydraulic press can be used for.
Answers will vary
What tool is used to measure pressure in gasses?
barometer
Who first used fluid displacement to help determine if a crown was real?
Archimedes
What is drag?
The fluid friction that slows an object as it moves through a fluid.
Define cohesion and adhesion.
C: The attraction of unlike molecules.
A: The attraction of unlike molecules.
meniscus
What is an aneroid barometer?
A barometer that does not use liquid. Instead, it used an airtight metal box that reacts differently to different atmospheric pressures.
Define buoyancy.
The upward force exerted by a fluid on a solid object.
What is lift?
A force on an object that is generated by relative motion between the object and a fluid and is perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow.
What is the phenomenon in which liquids in thin tube rise above or fall beneath their own level?
What is the ability to be easily squeezed and compacted into smaller container?
Compressibility
A vacuum
What does a hydrometer measure?
specific gravity
Name one of the four factors that effect lift.
cross section of the foil
size of the foil
angle of attack
velocity and fluid properties
Define Pressure
The force exerted per unit of area.
Name one of the three laws that involve temperature, volume, and pressure.
Hint: Each law differs by holding different variables constant.
Charles's Law, Boyle's Law, or Amonton's Law
What is an altimeter?
A device to measure altitude that can also measure pressure.
What is neutral buoyancy?
The state in which an object stays at a specific altitude as buoyancy is holding it up, but is not strong enough to lift it further (due to the surrounding density)
What is the phenomenon of a spinning cylinder or ball caused by lift?
The Magnus Effect
What are the two rules of the kinetic theory of matter?
1. All molecules of matter are in constant motion.
2. The warmer an object is, the faster the molecules move.
Suppose a container with fixed volume containing nitrogen gas. What could I expect to happen to the pressure in the container if I decrease the temperature of the nitrogen?
Bonus: Explain why using the kinetic theory of matter.
The pressure would decrease.
As the particles are slowing down, they do not bounce of the sides of the container as frequently or forcefully, therefore the pressure decreases.
Evangelista Torricelli
What does Archimedes principle state?
The buoyant force experienced by an object is equal to the fluid displaced.
The effect that states the lateral pressure exerted by a moving fluid decreases as the fluid's speed increases.
The Bernoulli Effect