Vehicle dynamics
A side-to-side weight transfer caused by turning movements.
What is Lateral weight transfer?
The greatest steering technique.
Shuffle steering
It allows for greater steering control, weight transfer control, and it minimizes the potential for air bag injury in the event of a collision. It also helps to maintain a firm grip on the wheel in adverse driving conditions. Minimizing steering input will minimize the amount of weight transfer resulting in better vehicle control.
Entry
Apex
Exit
What are the 3 points of a turn?
The Loss of breaking efficiency
What is brake fade.
the tires have stopped turning and are skidding
What is locked-wheel skid
A front-to-back weight transfer caused by braking and acceleration.
What is Longitudinal weight transfer?
The best hand position on the steering wheel.
8 and 4
9 and 3
The hands shuffle up and down on the wheel, never crossing the 12 o'clock or 6 o'clock position as the driver executes the turn. Both hands move up and down the wheel parallel to each other until touching the 12 o'clock position or the 6 o'clock position at which time the transfer of control from one hand to the other occurs.
What is Shuffle Steering?
Think shopping cart wheels. Wheels naturally tend to straighten out the front wheels when the vehicle is moving forward. Caster affect is destabilizing
What is Caster Affect?
tire loses full contact with the road due to water buildup under the tir
What is hydroplaning
A buildup of energy in the springs of the suspension system.
What is Spring loading?
The loss of traction to the front tires while attempting a turn
Understeer
When the driver turns the steering wheel while drive in reverse. When the steering wheel is turned, the front end of the vehicle will swing out in a direction opposite the direction the steering wheel is turned.
What is Front-end swing?
Weight transfer occurs in the opposite direction of the turn and increases as speed increases.
Traction Happens when?
3 Causes of hydroplaning
What is
Speed
Water depth
Tire condition
A “stickiness” between the rubber and the roadway. When one or more tires exceed the coefficient of friction, the vehicle will begin to skid.
What is Coefficient of friction?
Loss of traction to the rear tires causing them to slide to the outside of the turn
Oversteer
- Excessive speed in a turn
- Sudden and/or excessive steering input
- Over braking in a turn
-Excessive weight transfer
When driving forward, the rear wheels will take a path inside that of the front wheels when the vehicle is turning.
Rear wheel cheat happens when?
Aside from water what else could cause hydroplaning
What is
Ice
Snow
Sand
Fuel/oil
Simply refers to tires rolling over the road surface. If the stop rolling and begin skidding, there will be a loss of steering control.
What is rolling friction?
Loss of traction of all four tires traveling away from the axis of rotation
Centrifugal skid
- Loss of traction to the front tires of the vehicle
- Vehicle forced to continue in a straight line than intended
What is Vehicle Understeer?
is a computerized system that helps maintain rolling friction during hard braking.
What is a Antilock Braking System (ABS)
Contact Patch Is Where the rubber of the tire contacts the road surface
What is Contact Patch