4.1 Energy for Life
An organism that makes its own food.
What is an autotroph?
green pigment in a chloroplast that absorbs sunlight in the light reactions of photosynthesis
What is chlorophyll?
What is another word for breathing?
What is respiration?
The latin root of this word means to "boil or seethe"
What is fervere or fermentation?
An organism that consumes other organisms for food.
What is a consumer or heterotroph?
membrane in a chloroplast where the light reactions of photosynthesis occur
What is the thylakoid membrane?
type of cellular respiration that requires oxygen
What is aerobic respiration?
type of anaerobic respiration that includes glycolysis followed by the conversion of pyruvic acid to ethanol and carbon dioxide and the formation of NAD+
(the key word is ethanol)
What is alcoholic fermentation?
the ability to do work.
What is energy?
series of electron-transport molecules that pass high-energy electrons from molecule to molecule and capture their energy
type of cellular respiration that does not require oxygen
what is anaerobic respiration?
type of anaerobic respiration that includes glycolysis followed by the conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid and the formation of NAD+
(key here is the acids)
what is lactic acid fermentation?
simple carbohydrate with the chemical formula C6H12O6 that is the nearly universal food for life.
What is glucose?
first stage of photosynthesis in which light energy from the sun is captured and changed into chemical energy that is stored in ATP and NADPH
What is a light reaction?
first stage of cellular respiration in which glucose is split, in the absence of oxygen, to form two molecules of pyruvate (pyruvic acid) and two (net) molecules of ATP
What is glycolysis?
type of anaerobic respiration that includes glycolysis followed by the conversion of pyruvic acid to one or more other compounds and the formation of NAD+
What is fermentation?
organic molecules such as glucose that organisms use for chemical energy
What is food?
second stage of photosynthesis in which carbon atoms from carbon dioxide are combined, using the energy in ATP and NADPH, to make glucose
What is photosynthesis?
second stage of aerobic respiration in which two pyruvate (pyruvic acid) molecules from the first stage react to form ATP, NADH, and FADH2
What is the Krebs cycle?
This is also known as "milk acid" and is made during anaerobic glucose metabolism.
What is lactic acid?