Organizational Text Structure
The informational text that is presented in order from beginning to end
What is Chronological Order
Nabesh Ginru. I feel so bad for some of the elephants that I see. Sometimes the mother elephant is kidnapped for her ivory tusks. I once saw a baby elephant wandering around and wailing for its mother. lt was such a sad sight to see. An organization came along and took the baby elephant to care for it. That made me feel better.
Is this a firsthand or secondhand account?
What is firsthand account
The ocean is another world and is teeming with an abundance of plants and animal life. One of the most unusual creatures living there is the sea horse. Once a female sea horse becomes pregnant, the female transfers her eggs into the father's pouch. He then carries them inside of his body for weeks. Once the babies are fully developed, it is the father rather than the mother that gives birth to the babies.
The word teeming most closely means-
a. unusual or strange
b. full of something
c. completely developed
What is b. full of something
Raptor is the name given to birds that hunt to locate their food. This category of birds includes ea- gles, falcons, and the osprey. These animals have features that enable them to hunt extremely well. One characteristic is clawed talons. Each talon contains two toes that extend forward and a third that extends backward. At the tip of each toe is a razor sharp claw. This claw is specially adapted for grasping fish or rodents in one quick swoop. The grip of a talon is so powerful that a raptor can crush its prey instantly.
What detail supports the author's idea that talons make catching prey easier?
a. Birds that hunt prey are named raptors.
b. The talons are adapted for catching fish.
c. Rodents and fish are common types of prey.
What is B. The talons are adapted for catching fish.
It is usually the last insult that I remember the most. Being called a name for not doing what everyone else is doing is not fun. "Come one guys, let's get away from this loser, " Chuck said as he rolled away on the stolen bicycle. This is the type of thing that Chuck and the other boys always do. lf my mom catches me doing anything like this, I will be on punishment for life. I know that it is wrong. I really don't want to, but I also hate it when Chuck and the other guys call me a baby too.
1. Based on the information, a reader can assume that-
a. The narrator tells his friends to stop doing wrong things.
b. The narrator always makes good choices.
c. The narrator cannot decide whether or not he should go
What is Answer C
In this text structure, it often describes events (effects) and identify reasons (causes) for why the events happened.
What is Cause and Effect
Book: Although extinct today, wooly mammoths and mastodons are relatives of modern-day elephants. Unlike elephants that live in hot regions, wooly mammoths and mastodons were covered in thick wool which enabled them to survive in cooler ice age temperatures. Both creatures were smaller than elephants but shared some similarities. Long tusks helped mastodons and wooly mammoths dig for food. Trunks similar to hoses, helped these animals obtain water.
Is this a firsthand or secondhand account?
What is secondhand account
Ancient cities continue to marvel humans. One of the most fascinating is the city of Pompeii which was located in western ltaly. This beautiful, hilly town was located near a mountain named Vesuvius nearly two thousand years ago. People lived their daily lives trading goods and farming and never paid attention to the high mountain near them that was actually a volcano. One day, life began as normal, but a few small ground tremors shook the countryside. Buildings cracked but still, people went about their normal business as usual.
What does marvel mean?
a. amaze
b. confuse
c. frustrate
What is a. amaze
I heard it again, but this time the sound was louder. My hands trembled as I tried to hide myself behind a chair Everyone else was in the other part of the abandoned house, and I had made the poor decision to see what was inside of the rear room. The sound of footsteps and heavy breathing filled the air. "l'll teach these dang blasted kids a lesson they will never forget, " announced a raspy voice. lt was a man' peering from the edge, I could see him carrying a pitchfork and handcuffs. Somehow, I had to find a way to warn the others that were downstairs. How could l?
At the end of the text, the main character is worried. Which text detail best shows this feeling?
a. "l'll teach these dang blasted kids a lesson" b. My hands trembled as I tried to hide myself. c. How could l?
What is b. My hands trembled as I tried to hide myself.
Each of us had a tracking device set under the skin of our left shoulders. Mine identified me as citizen 1 ,434. Mr. Hollows, the governor, used his wits to devise this entire plan. Fearing an eventual uprising by the citizens, he ordered that everyone in the city be marked so that soldiers could keep track of our whereabouts at all times. lf the decoder that my friend Lancer created actually works, I will become an undetectable citizen. This is the governor's worst nightmare. He has ordered stiff penalties for anyone that is caught without a tracking device. The undetectable citizens are the only ones that stand a chance of capturing the cruel governor.
How would becoming undetectable assist the main character?
a. She will be able to escape from the country. b. She will be able to create tracking devices. c. She will be able to help capture the governor.
What is c. She will be able to help capture the governor.
In this text structure, the author may use similarities and differences
What is Compare and Contrast
Book: Elephants do not have any animal predators. Their greatest threat is humans who hunt them for their ivory tusks. lvory is often sanded down and used to make jewelry and other decorative items. Although this is illegal in most countries, some poachers hunt elephants for their tusks.
Is this a firsthand or secondhand account?
What is secondhand account
The city of Herculaneum was near Pompeii. This town also suffered the same tragic fate. Hot ash buried homes, buildings, and people which left them frozen in time for archaeologists to discover later. ln the end, approximately three meters of ash covered Pompeii, and 20 meters of ash covered Herculaneum. Of all the cities in the region, these two were affected the worst. The few people that did escape shared the story of what happened.
What does "tragic fate" probably mean?
a. lt was worse.
b. The same thing happened.
c. More cities than are mentioned were terribly damaged
What is b. The same thing happened
The Dog (Scene l)
Setting: A Park
Matilda: (Looks down curiously at the dog) The lady left the dog here and walked away
Officer Sanchez: (Writes down the facts) Was she with anyone?
Matilda: (Wrinkles her face and folds her arms) No.
Officer Sanchez: I am going to take the dog with me to see if I can find the owner.
Why does the officer take the dog with him?
a. He still needs to write down more facts.
b. The dog will likely show who his owner is.
c. Matilda did not want the dog.
What is b. The dog will likely show who his owner is.
I heard it again, but this time the sound was louder. My hands trembled as I tried to hide myself behind a chair Everyone else was in the other part of the abandoned house, and I had made the poor decision to see what was inside of the rear room. The sound of footsteps and heavy breathing filled the air. "l'll teach these dang blasted kids a lesson they will never forget, " announced a raspy voice. lt was a man' peering from the edge, I could see him carrying a pitchfork and handcuffs. Somehow, I had to find a way to warn the others that were downstairs. How could l?
At the end of the text, the main character is worried Which text detail best shows this feeling?
a. "l'll teach these dang blasted kids a lesson" b. My hands trembled as I tried to hide myself. c. How could l?
What is b. My hands trembled as I tried to hide myself.
We all know that a food chain is the sequence of one animal eating another animal; but what happens when an animal that is not from an area moves in and wrecks havoc? These animals are called invasive species. Like the name hints, this is a plant or animal that invades an area. A native animal or plant is a living organism that is from a region. lnvasive species find their new homes in a variety of ways. Sometimes they accidentally hitch a ride in a box or in luggage. Other times, they invade when an animal is released on purpose into a new habitat. Others thrive and eat the food that would normally be consumed by the plants in the region.
1. The text is mostly organized in which format?
a. Cause and effect
b. Classification
c. Problem and solution
What is A. Cause and Effect
Researcher Anne Forester: When I first began studying the wooly mammoth and mastodon fossils, I knew that I had found my calling in life. Learning about such ice age creatures has been exciting. I do much of my fossil explorations in Kimmswick Bone Bed in Missouri. There, I sift through limestone, and pick away excess rock. Just by looking at the teeth and the condition of the bones that I find, I am able to determine what mastodons ate as well as what their habitat was like.
Is this a firsthand or secondhand account?
What is firsthand account
Beneath earth's surface is a series of plates. These sheets of rocks move gradually. Rapid movement of these plates results in earthquakes. The movement also affects volcanoes Volcanoes are typically found along the edges of these structures and form when magma, melted rock beneath earth's surface, breaks through the crust. Once the magma reaches the surface, it is referred to as lava. The temperatures of this molten rock can exceed 10,000 degrees Celsius, and it possesses the ability to melt metal, rocks, and anything in its path. As layers of lava cool, it hardens and forms an upside-down cone resulting in a volcano.
What is magma?
a. melted rock that reaches earth's surface
b. melted rock that is below earth's surface
c. the temperature of melted rock
What is b. melted rock that is below earth's surface
The hooked structure of a raptor's beak enables it to shred and control its prey. Where as humans use tools such as nutcrackers to break hard nuts, raptors have their tools built right into their bodies. The hooked beaks are strong enough for them to crack open an animal shell. They also use their beaks to shred their prey for feeding their babies. This is just one of many features that enables a raptor to survive in its environment.
Why did the author mention human tools such as nutcrackers in the text?
a. to explain how the shape of a beak is different
b. to describe different types of nuts raptors eat
c. to help the reader visualize how helpful beaks are to raptors
What is
c. to help the reader visualize how helpful beaks are to raptors
The exterior of the sea horse's body is covered with a bony structure that stretches from the top of its head to the tip of its tail. This outer shell is used to protect a seahorse from harm much like how the hard outer shell protects the internal organs of a beetle. Resembling that of a monkey, a seahorse's tail curls easily and is used to: grabbing objects. Despite the tail and its name, this creature is not actually related to horses.
How does a tail help a sea horse?
a. lt helps it hold on to objects.
b. lt keeps it from being eaten by other animals
c. lt holds the bony structures onto its body.
What is a. lt helps it hold on to objects.
In this text structure the author may use sensory words, pictures, maps, charts, and graphs when writing to help readers visualize information
What is Description
Ken Taylor a Dairy Farmer (Firsthand Account) When new plants are introduced into an area, all they ever do is cause harm. Garlic mustard weeds have completely taken over my farm. As soon as I pull up these weeds, five more grow back in their place a day later. What I hate most is how it affects my milk business. I let my cows graze on the grass, and l sell the pasteurized milk. Whenever they nibble on garlic mustard, I have to throw out all of my milk because it tastes like garlic.
Based on the text, what is one thing that can make firsthand information less reliable?
a. All people that give firsthand information will say the same things.
b. The information can be affected by the speaker's feelings about the topic.
c. The speaker might not have actually experienced what they are giving information about.
What is B. The information can be affected by the speaker's feelings about the topic.
Kenya looked at the brown dots that spotted her skin. She had freckles, and she absolutely hated them. Her sister had dark brown skin and no freckles at all. Kenya's skin was lighter, and she had brown freckles just like their dad. Kenya was consumed with sadness as she looked at her own face in the mirror one day. As Kenya frowned at herself, her mother walked into the room. "What's wrong?" Kenya's mother asked. "l wish I did not have freckles, " Kenya said. Kenya's mother assured her that she was special and perfect exactly the way that she is. This made Kenya feel much better.
Consumed likely means-
a. talking to others
b. full of something
c. surprised
What is b. full of something
Seeds
Some seeds spread like parachutists floating through the air
Other clever seeds hitch a ride on fur,
They end up here and there.
Others fall right down
With hope to grow roots deep in the dirt.
The author mentions "Others fall right down" in order to-
a. explain why seeds spread around in different ways
b. tell how some seeds attach to fur
c. give an example of how seeds float in the air
What is
a. explain why seeds spread around in different ways
A seahorse does not have teeth. lnstead, it must eat its food whole. lnside of intestines, there are digestive juices that break down the food into smaller particles. Then, nutrients from the food are absorbed into the seahorse's body. Seahorses feed on shrimp and other small creatures that swim in the water.
What happens riqht after a sea horse takes in food?
a. Nutrients are absorbed.
b. Digestive juices break down the food.
c. lt looks for more shrimp to eat.
What is b. Digestive juices break down the food.