Energy & Metabolism
This type of metabolic reaction breaks down complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy in the process.
Answer: What is a catabolic reaction?
$100 Question
Clue: Enzymes act as biological catalysts by lowering this specific barrier needed for a reaction to occur.
Answer: What is activation energy?
$100 Question
Clue: Glycolysis takes place in this part of the eukaryotic cell.
Answer: What is the cytoplasm (or cytosol)?
$100 Question
Clue: In eukaryotic cells, the Citric Acid Cycle and Oxidative Phosphorylation occur inside this organelle.
Answer: What is the mitochondrion (plural: mitochondria)?
$100 Question
Clue: Fermentation occurs under these conditions, meaning in the absence of oxygen.
Answer: What are anaerobic conditions?
Daily Double Clue: "This enzyme uses the proton gradient established by the electron transport chain to catalyze the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate."
Answer: What is ATP synthase?
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Clue: The First Law of Thermodynamics states that this total property in the universe is constant and cannot be created or destroyed.
Answer: What is energy?
$200 Question
Clue: The specific region on an enzyme where the substrate binds is known as this.
Answer: What is the active site?
$200 Question
Clue: During glycolysis, one 6-carbon glucose molecule is broken down into two 3-carbon molecules of this compound.
Answer: What is pyruvate (or pyruvic acid)?
$200 Question
Clue: Before entering the Citric Acid Cycle, pyruvate must be converted into this 2-carbon molecule linked to a coenzyme.
Answer: What is acetyl CoA?
$200 Question
Clue: The primary purpose of fermentation is to regenerate this molecule so that glycolysis can continue.
Answer: What is NAD+?
Final Jeopardy Category: Cellular Respiration Balance Sheet
Final Jeopardy Clue: "At the end of cellular respiration, the carbon atoms originally present in a glucose molecule leave the cell in this form."
Answer: What is carbon dioxide (CO2)
Clue: According to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, every energy transfer increases the disorder of a system, which is measured by this term.
Answer: What is entropy?
$300 Question
Clue: This model describes how an enzyme slightly changes its shape upon binding to a substrate to ensure a ideal fit.
Answer: What is the induced-fit model?
$300 Question
Clue: The net yield of ATP molecules produced directly from one molecule of glucose during glycolysis is this number.
Answer: What is two (2 ATP)?
$300 Question
Clue: This gas serves as the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain.
Answer: What is oxygen (O2)?
$300 Question
Clue: Human muscle cells produce this byproduct during strenuous exercise when oxygen supply is insufficient.
Answer: What is lactic acid (or lactate)?
$400 Question
Clue: Chemical reactions that absorb free energy and have a positive G value are described by this term.
Answer: What is endergonic?
$400 Question
Clue: This type of inhibition occurs when a molecule binds to an enzyme at a location other than the active site, changing the enzyme's shape and activity.
Answer: What is allosteric inhibition (or non-competitive inhibition)?
$400 Question
Clue: During the second half of glycolysis, this high-energy electron carrier molecule is generated from NAD+.
Answer: What is NADH?
$400 Question
Clue: The movement of hydrogen ions (H+) across the inner mitochondrial membrane through ATP synthase to generate ATP is called this.
Answer: What is chemiosmosis?
$400 Question
Clue: Yeast perform alcohol fermentation, producing ethanol and releasing this gas, which causes bread dough to rise.
Answer: What is carbon dioxide (CO2)?
$500 Question
Clue: Known as the "energy currency" of the cell, this molecule stores energy in its high-energy phosphate bonds.
What is ATP
$500 Question
Clue: Non-protein helper molecules, often vitamins or inorganic ions like zinc and iron, that assist enzyme function are called these.
Answer: What are cofactors (or coenzymes)?
$500 Question
Clue: Because glycolysis is performed by almost all living organisms and does not require oxygen, it provides evidence for this evolutionary concept.
Answer: What is that glycolysis evolved early in the history of life (or shared common ancestry)?
$500 Question
Clue: The majority of ATP produced during aerobic cellular respiration is generated during this specific stage.
Answer: What is oxidative phosphorylation (or the electron transport chain combined with chemiosmosis)?
$500 Question
Clue: Compared to aerobic cellular respiration, fermentation produces a much lower yield of this per glucose molecule.
Answer: What is ATP?