Ranchos and Pueblos
Lesson 3
Lesson 3
what is a vaquero?
a cowhand/someone who herds the cattle
what is rodeo?
means roundup in spanish
what is a frontier?
an area of land into which settlers start moving.
what is a trapper?
a person who hunts animals for their fur.
what is the definition of a fiesta?
party or celebration
what was the purpose of a rodeo?
to sort out the cattle that would get mixed up. (ranchos were so large, cattle roamed freely and there was no fences so herds from different ranchos would get mixed together)
What are brands?
when vaqueros would put their ranchos name on the calves to show they owned them. (use a branding iron that has been heated on fire and then used to make a burn mark with a symbol/name on the cattle)
who was the first American to reach Alta CA? *He was a trapper*
Jedidiah Strong Smith, he was the first person from the US to cross the rugged mountains of the Sierra Nevada.
what is a pioneer?
it is one of the first from a group or a country to enter or settle a place.
How many months did the Donner Party spend in the snow before getting rescued?
4 months
what kinds of jobs were there on the ranchos? List them
gardeners, farmers, weavers, cooks, hunters, vaqueros
In pueblos there were warehouses, what were they used for and why?
Rancho owners would store their hide and tallow there so that when ships from the US would arrive, traders would go there and trade instead of going to every single rancho.
who was John Bidwell and what did he do?
He was a teacher who organized one of the first pioneer groups to reach Alta CA. (at first john Bartleson had led the group but then John Bidwell took over)
What was New Helvetia?
It was a stopping point for pioneers who crossed the Sierra Nevada, so they can get rest and get supplies there.
True or False
During the Donner Party, 7 People were able to cross the mountain and Mary Graves was one of them.
True
When ships docked at a pueblo what would people go gather to see/trade?
They'd go trade for spices, shoes, cookware, furniture
homes in pueblos were made of what?
adobe and the floors made of packed earth(dirt), roofs made of straw
Who was the seatrader who told people about Alta CA?
Richard Henry Dana
Who was the ranchero who became governor?
Pio Pico
voters of each pueblo chose who to solve most arguments among people in pueblos?
they chose an alcalde and a council
what were two choices for California Indians after the government closed down the Missions?
Some moved to pueblos to do heavy labor/work for little pay.
and some stayed on the missions land which then turned into ranchos, and instead of working for money, they worked in exchange for food, clothing, and a house.
Who was one of Alta CA's famous pioneers that went to Alta Ca and asked for a Land Grant? And what did he do with that land?
John Augustus Sutter received 50acres of land from the government and called that land New Helvetia (which means New Switzerland) he built a fort there and named it Sutter's Fort.
What was the Donner Party ?
The Donner family left Illinois for Alta CA, other families started to join their trip and as they traveled through the mountains, when winter season came along they were high up in the mountains and were trapped in 22 feet of snow. ONLY Half of them survived.