Vocabulary
A number that divides a whole number evenly. Also a number that is multiplied by another number.
Factor
The order in which numbers are multiplied does not change the product.
8 x 3 = 3 x 8
Commutative Property of Multiplication
24
Make an array and solve 3 x 4.
OOOO
OOOO
OOOO
12
4, 7, 28
4 x 7 = 28
7 x 4 = 28
28 / 4 = 7
28 / 7 = 4
8 / 4
The answer to a multiplication problem.
Product
The grouping of factors does not change the product.
3 x (4 x 6) = (3 x 4) x 6
Associative Property of Multiplication
72
Use repeated addition and solve 5 x 6.
5+5+5+5+5+5
30
1, 4, 4
1 x 4 = 4
4 x 1 = 4
4 / 4 =1
4 / 1 = 4
35 / 5
The product of a number and another whole number.
Multiples
When any number is multiplied by 1, the product is that number.
1 x 10 = 10 10 x 1 = 10
Identity Property of Multiplication
Use a multiplication chart and solve 9 x 12.
108
3, 12, 36
3 x 12 =36
12 x 3 =36
36 / 3 = 12
36 / 12 = 3
18 / 9
2
The answer to a division question.
Quotient
When any number is multiplied by 0, the product is zero.
12 x 0 = 0 and 3 x 0 = 0
Zero Property of Multiplication
Choose your own method to solve: 10 x 4.
40
4, 6, 24
4 x 6 = 24
6 x 4 = 24
24 / 4 =6
24 / 6 = 4
100 / 10
You must know both:
1) The number being divided
2) The number that is doing the dividing
1) Dividend
2) Divisor
A group of related facts using the same numbers.
Fact Family
Use an array to solve 12 x 6.
OOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOOOOOOOOO
72
11, 121
11 x 11 = 121
121 / 11 = 11
144 / 12
12