Parts of an Atom
What charge does a proton have?
Positive
The atomic number of an element equals the number of ________.
Protons and Electrons
In an ionic bond, electrons are ________ between atoms.
Transferred
Electrons are found in the nucleus of an atom.
False
A hydrogen atom has one proton and one electron. Why do they stay near each other?
Because opposite charges attract.
Where are neutrons located in an atom?
Nucleus
The atomic mass is the average mass of all element's ___.
Isotopes
In a covalent bond, electrons are ________ between atoms.
Shared
The first energy level is closest to the nucleus.
True
Why can’t a third hydrogen atom join a water molecule (H₂O) to make H₃O?
The oxygen atom already has a full outer shell (8 electrons).
What is the charge of a neutron
No Charge
The vertical columns in the periodic table are called ________.
Groups
When an atom loses an electron, it forms a ________ ion.
Positive ion (Cation)
In an ionic bond, electrons are shared.
False
What happens when you rub a plastic strip on cloth?
Electrons transfer to the strip, giving it a negative charge that attracts the positive cloth/fingers.
Where are electrons found in an atom?
Outside the nucleus (electron cloud)
Do elements in the same group have similar properties? Explain.
Yes, because they have the same number of valance electrons.
When an atom gains an electron, it forms a ________ ion.
Negative ion (anion)
In a covalent bond, electrons are shared.
True
In a Lewis dot diagram, what do the dots represent?
Valence electrons
What makes up the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and Neutrons
How many electrons make an outer ring stabe?
8
Name two conditions atoms must have to form covalent bonds.
They both need electrons to fill their outer shell.
They share electrons to achieve stability.
Atoms in the same period have the same number of valence electrons.
False
How can you find the number of neutrons in an atom using the periodic table?
Subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass (rounded).