Geology & Earth’s History
This science studies Earth, its rocks, its structure, and how it changes.
Geology
This scientist proposed continental drift in 1912.
Alfred Wegener
This thin, rocky layer forms Earth’s outer surface.
Crust
Continental crust is made mostly of this rock.
Granite
Wind belongs to this category because it is naturally replenished.
Renewable resource
In June, the Northern Hemisphere receives more direct sunlight than in December because of this feature of Earth.
Earth's tilt
Name all seven evidences of God’s design for Earth taught in this chapter. Then choose two and explain how each helps support or protect life.
Acceptable explanations include:
This view emphasizes slow, ongoing natural processes acting over long periods.
Uniformitarianism
This was the name of the supercontinent proposed in continental drift.
Pangaea
This thick layer of hot, solid rock lies between the crust and core.
Mantle
Oceanic crust is made mostly of this rock.
Basalt
Coal belongs to this category because its supply is limited and it cannot be replaced quickly.
Nonrenewable resource
This motion limits how long a location continuously receives sunlight, helping prevent prolonged heating or cooling.
Earth's rotation
This view emphasizes sudden, major events that rapidly shape Earth’s surface.
Catastrophism
This scientist introduced uniformitarianism in 1795.
James Hutton
This boundary separates the crust from the mantle.
MOHO
This type of crust is thicker and less dense than oceanic crust.
Continental crust
A resource currently being used is called this.
Actual resource
Coastal areas often experience smaller temperature swings because this substance absorbs and releases large amounts of heat.
Liquid water
According to the chapter’s young-Earth creationist view, Earth is approximately this old.
6,000–7,000 years
This scientist discovered the boundary between Earth’s crust and mantle.
Andrija Mohorovičić
This rigid layer includes the crust and uppermost solid mantle.
Lithosphere
This slow circulation of hot mantle rock helps drive tectonic plate movement.
Mantle convection
This practice uses a resource at a rate that allows it to replenish naturally.
Sustainable yield
Without this protective layer, Earth would lose its supply of breathable gases and its ozone shield against harmful ultraviolet radiation.
Atmosphere
This branch of geology studies processes happening now or in the recent past.
Operational geology
These earthquake vibrations provide evidence about Earth’s interior.
Seismic waves
This liquid layer contains moving metal that helps generate Earth’s magnetic field.
Outer Crust
This metal makes up most of Earth’s core. What is its atomic symbol:
Fe (Iron)
This term means carefully monitoring and regulating the use of land, water, wildlife, and other resources.
Resource management
If this protection weakened, more charged particles from the solar wind could reach near-Earth space and contribute to atmospheric loss.
Earth’s magnetic field