Acid-Base Basics
Normal blood pH range?
(7.35–7.45)
Electrolyte affecting heart rhythm & muscles?
Potassium
Early dehydration signs?
Dry mouth, thirst, decreased urine
COPD patient, pH 7.30, CO₂ 60?
Respiratory acidosis
Organ controlling CO₂?
Lungs
Normal sodium range?
135–145 mEq/L
Hyponatremia symptoms?
Confusion, headache, seizures
Vomiting, pH 7.49, HCO₃ 31?
Metabolic alkalosis
Organ regulating HCO₃⁻?
Kidneys
Low calcium condition?
Hypocalcemia
Imbalance causing Chvostek’s/Trousseau’s signs
Hypocalcemia
DKA, pH 7.25, HCO₃ 18
Metabolic acidosis
Term for low blood pH?
Acidosis
Imbalance with tall, peaked T waves?
Hyperkalemia
Symptoms of metabolic acidosis
Kussmaul respirations, confusion, fatigue
Anxiety, pH 7.52, CO₂ 28
Respiratory alkalosis
Meaning of ROME?
Respiratory Opposite, Metabolic Equal
Electrolyte for neuromuscular function & enzymes?
Magnesium
Hypermagnesemia signs
Decreased reflexes, hypotension, bradycardia
Renal failure, pH 7.33, HCO₃ 18, CO₂ 38
Metabolic acidosis, partially compensated