the fault cuts through the rock at an angle, so the hanging wall sits over the fault, while the footwall lies under the fault
What is Normal Fault
100
_______ _____ are vibrations that are similar to sound waves. They travel through Earth carrying energy released by an earthquake. The speed and path depend on the material its traveling through.
What is seismic waves
100
the shaking and trembling that results from movement of rock beneath Earth's surface
What is an earthquake
100
Name three scales used to measure earthquakes?
What is
a. Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale
b. Richter Magnitude Scale
c. Moment Magnitude Scale
100
an instrument that records and measures an earthquake's seismic waves
What is a seismograph
200
has the same structure as a normal fault, but the blocks move in reverse directions; the hanging wall moves up and the footwall moves down.
What is Reverse Fault
200
the area beneath Earth's surface where rock that was under stress begins to break or move.
What is focus
200
California, Alaska, Japan, and Indonesia get more earthquakes than Florida, New York, Australia, and South Africa, why?
What is plate boundaries
200
The ________ scale measures from I-XII ; based on peoples observation
What is Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale
200
what seismic wave arrives first on seismographs?
What is P waves
300
the rocks on either side of the fault slip past each other sideways, with little up or down motion horizontally.
What is Strike-Slip Fault
300
the point on the surface directly above the focus is the _________.
What is epicenter
300
your book gives an example of 1 one the biggest earthquakes in the Indian Ocean, what is it called and how strong was it?
What is Sumatra
300
The ______ scale measures the total rate of energy an earthquake releases.
What is Moment Magnitude Scale
300
What the last (slowest) seismic wave to arrive at seismographs?
What is surface waves
400
when enough stress builds up in the rock, the rock breaks, creating a _____.
What is a fault
400
travel through Earth in an accordion movement; fastest seismic wave; can travel through both liquid and solid material
What is P Waves
400
about how much stronger is a magnitude 6 earthquake from a magnitude 5?
What is 32x
400
The _______ scale measures from 1-10.
What is Richter Magnitude Scale
400
Why do seismologists keep the seismographs of previous earthquakes?
What is to see how often an area has earthquakes
500
Explain how a normal fault is similar to a divergent boundary; a reverse fault is similar to a convergent boundary; a strike-slip fault is similar to a transform boundary
What is
a. normal fault plates move away from each other= diverge
b. reverse fault plates move towards each other= converge
c. strike-slip fault plates slip past each other= slip past
500
travel through Earth in a snake movement; 2nd seismic waves to arrive at seismographs; can only move through solid material
What is S waves
500
largest recorded earthquake to hit in the world!
Hint: located in South America
What is 9.5 Chile
500
a single number that geologists assign to an earthquake based on the earthquake's size.
What is magnitude
500
Explain the steps that seismologists use to find the earthquakes location.
What is
a. put the timing of seismic waves onto graph
b. draw the radius of the distance on the map
c. ask other seismograph stations about their circles
d. draw at least 3 circles
e. find the common area and thats your earthquake area