Language
All the different words a person uses in speaking or writing
What is expressive vocabulary?
The skills and knowledge, usually developed in the preschool years, that are the foundation for the development of reading and writing.
What is emergent literacy?
Speaking two languages and dealing appropriately with the two different cultures.
What is bilingual?
Any variety of a language spoken by a particular group.
What is dialect?
People who voluntarily leave their country to become permanent residents in a new place.
What are immigrants?
The words a person can understand in spoken or written words.
What is receptive vocabulary?
Understanding sounds and codes such as knowing that letters have names, that sounds are associated with letters, and that words are made up of sounds.
What are Category 1 skills?
Speaking only one language.
What is monolingual?
Moving between two speech forms.
What is code switching?
A special group of immigrants who also relocate voluntarily, but who are fleeing their home country because it is not safe.
What are refugees?
To apply a rule of syntax or grammar in situations where the rule does not apply, for example, "the bike was broked".
What is overregularize?
Oral language abilities such as size of expressive and receptive vocabulary, knowledge of syntax, and the ability to understand and tell stories.
What are Category 2 skills?
If learning doesn't happen doesn't happen during these periods, it never will.
What are critical periods?
Different ways of talking for males and females.
What is genderlects?
A metaphor for the absorption and assimilation of immigrants into the mainstream of society so that ethnic differences vanish.
What is melting pot?
The rules for when and how to use language to be an effective communicator in a particular culture.
What is pragmatics?
The emergent literacy skills of knowledge of graphemes, phonological awareness, syntactic awareness, phoneme-grapheme correspondence, and emergent writing.
What are inside-out skills?
Times when a person is especially ready to learn to learn certain things or responsive to certain experiences.
What are sensitive periods?
A model that explains the school achievement problems of ethnic minority students by assuming that their culture is inadequate and does not prepare them to succeed in school.
What is cultural deficit model?
The order of words in phrases or sentences.
What is syntax?
The emergent literacy skills of language, narrative, conventions of print, and emergent reading.
What are outside-in skills?
The language spoken in the student's home or by members of the family.
What is heritage language?
Students who are learning English and whose primary or heritage language is not English.
What are English Language Learners?