Musculoskeletal
Name one disability affecting the Musculoskeletal System
Amputation, Arthritis, Muscular Dystrophy, Osteoporosis, Poliomyelitis, Post Polio Syndrome, Spina Bifida, Thermal Injuries
Neurological Impairments primarily effect which body system?
Nervous System
Neuromuscular disabilities affect which body systems
Musculoskeletal and nervous systems
Suggested interventions for Spina Bifida focus on preventing obesity, strengthening the upper torso, interdependence, and postural alignment. What are some examples of RT interventions used for these reasons?
chair aerobics, strength exercises, aquatics, archery, equine assisted therapy, physical activity/adapted sport
What is Aphasia and what disability is associated with this
difficulty understanding or using language meaningfully - stroke
This disability causes pain, stiffness, swelling, redness, heat, and decreased range of motion at the joints
Arthritis
Which disability is a result of brain damage, injury or malformation priory to birth, during birth or in infancy and is the most common motor disability among children?
Cerebral Palsy
Name the 4 parts of the spinal cord top to bottom
Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral
What are some therapeutic interventions commonly used for Stroke patients
spatial and perceptual tasks, bilateral movements, aquatic therapy, stretching activities, relaxation, striking activities, riding adaptive cycles, community reintegration, social recreation
What type of Cerebral Palsy is the most severe due to the location of the lesion on the brain?
Rigidity - lesion affecting the motor cortex and basal ganglia - diminished stretch reflex, stiffness, hyperextension of body parts
What type of disability group causes progressive weakness and atrophy of voluntary muscle groups? This disability itself is no fatal but its affects on the respiratory and cardiac systems can be
Muscular Dystrophy
Movement disorders are identified by the body area and by the exhibited symptoms: identify limb involvement for the below terms
- hemiplegia
- tetraplegia
- paraplegia
Hemiplegia - both limbs on one side
Tetraplegia - four limbs
Paraplegia - lower limbs
What is a TBI and how is it caused
Traumatic Brain Injuury - caused by sudden direct trauma
Penetrating TBI - ex: gunshot wound
Nonpenetrating - closed head injury resulting when the head suddenly and violently hits an object - ex: car accident
What Rt interventions are suggested during the coma stage and low arousal stag of a TBI
coma stage - sensory stimulation, passive ROM, music
low arousal stage - sensory stimulation, orientation, cognitive retraining, one step tasks (card shuffling)
A sudden change in consciousness or behavior and is characterized by involuntary motor function
Seizure
This disability is the result of vertebral arches failing to close completely around the spinal cord prior to birth. Lasting effects range from difficulty walking to complicated physical impairments
Spina Bifida
What is another term for a Cerebrovascular Accident
Stroke
Which 2 diseases are progressive beginning in middle adulthood that result in cerebral tissue degeneration, server disability and unfortunately death
Huntington's and Parkinson's Disease
What is the overall goal for RT for spinal cord injury patients?
maximum restoration of physical, emotional and social skills through and physically and socially active lifestyle
What disability experiences thermal sensitivity or heat intolerance
Multiple Sclerosis
What type of Musculoskeletal Impairment uses the Rule of Nines to classify the severity of the impairment?
Thermal Injuries/Burns
This disability is caused when myelin surrounding and protecting the nerves of the brain, optic nerves, and spinal cord are destroyed and replaced with scar tissue. Usual diagnosis between 20-50 years and is 2-3 times more common in women.
Multiple Sclerosis
Damage to what part of the spinal cord will result in the most restricted movement diagnosis
Cervical Vertebrae (C1-C3)
What settings are a Rec Therapist likely working in when working primarily with Neurological Impairments
Hospital setting/ rehab hospital / community day settings/ skilled nursing facilities
A spinal cord injury with Lesions above T1 paralyze what limbs?
All 4 - tetraplegia