Emergency Basics
What is the very first step when arriving at an emergency scene?
Check for hazards and ensure safety.
How long should you check for breathing—look, listen, and feel?
No more than 10 seconds.
What does the RICE method stand for?
Rest, Ice, Compress, Elevate.
What is frostbite?
Freezing of body tissue.
You see someone faint in class. What’s the first thing you do?
Check for hazards and make sure the area is safe.
What do the three steps “Check, Call, Care” remind you to do?
Assess the scene, call for help, and give care.
Where should chest compressions be given during CPR?
In the center of the chest.
A closed fracture means what?
The bone is broken but the skin is not broken.
What’s a symptom of hyperventilation?
Dizziness or tingling in hands/feet.
Your friend cuts their hand on a piece of glass. What’s your next step after putting on gloves?
Apply direct pressure with a clean cloth.
What number do you call in the U.S. for emergency services?
911
How many back blows and abdominal thrusts should you give to a choking adult?
5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts.
Why should you never apply ice directly to a burn?
It can cause further tissue damage.
What is a sign that someone may be in shock?
Cool, pale skin and rapid, weak pulse.
During lunch, a student starts choking and can’t talk. What should you do?
Ask if they’re choking, then perform 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts.
What does PPE stand for, and what’s one example?
Personal Protective Equipment; gloves, mask, barrier, etc.
What should you do if an infant is choking?
Alternate 5 back blows with 5 chest compressions.
Which type of burn affects only the top layer of skin?
First-degree burn.
What should you do for someone in shock (no spinal injury)?
Lay them down with legs raised 8–12 inches.
You find someone who was burned by hot water. What should you not do?
Don’t apply ice directly to the burn.
Why is it important to pause and assess before acting in an emergency?
It ensures you don’t become a victim yourself and use discernment wisely.
What key difference separates cardiac arrest from a heart attack?
Cardiac arrest = the heart stops completely; heart attack = blood flow to heart is blocked.
What is the proper way to care for a fracture?
Immobilize the joints above and below the break.
What is the main danger of heat stroke?
The body can no longer sweat or cool itself.
After giving first aid, why is it important to stay with the victim until help arrives?
To monitor breathing, provide comfort, and reassure them.