Ecosystems (5.1)
An environment that provides the things a specific organism needs to survive, grow, and reproduce is called...
... a habitat.
This scientific model consists of many overlapping food chains.
food web
As you work your way up the energy pyramid, how much energy is transfered from one level to the next?
10%
This type of interaction occurs when organisms struggle to survive as they use the same limited resources.
competition
Any relationship in which two species live closely together is called...
symbiosis.
Put the following terms in order from largest to smallest.
- population
- organism
- ecosystem
- community
ecosystem, community, population, organism
What is the main source of energy for all living things in an ecosystem?
The Sun!☀
Which type of organism role is not typically included in an energy pyramid?
a. consumer
b. producer
c. decomposer
c. decomposer
When a tiger shark hunts and eats a sea snake, it is an example of this type of interaction.
predation
This vocabulary term includes: how an organism obtains its food, the type of food the organism eats, and what other organisms eat it.
niche
Which of the following are biotic factors in an ecosystem? Select 3
a. a stick e. dog droppings
b. a rock f. the Sun
c. water g. a body fossil
d. temperature
a. a stick
e. dog droppings
g. a body fossil
True or False: In a food web interaction between the snail and the grass, the arrow would be pointing from the grass toward the snail.
TRUE
Which of the following organisms would not be found at the bottom of an energy pyramid?
a. tree
b. phytoplankton
c. grasshoppers
d. algae
c. grasshoppers
Barnacles feed by filtering tiny organisms from the water. They attach themselves to whales. What type of symbiosis is this?
commensalism
What are the 3 types of symbiosis?
commensalism, mutualism, and parasitism
In a given city measuring 10 square miles, there are approximately 300,000 people. What is the population density of people in the city?
300,000 people ÷ 10 square miles = 30,000 people per square mile
Name 3 examples of decomposers.
- bactera
- fungi (mushrooms, mold, etc)
- protists (red algae, amoeba, etc)
- some small animals (worms, insects, etc)
If 24,000 kcal of energy is available to the producer in an ecosystem, how much energy is available to the secondary consumer?
240 kcal
Fish lice feed on blood and other internal fluids of the fish. Eventually the fish may quit eating and lose color from the stress caused by the lice. What type of symbiosis does this represent?
parasitism
Which of the following would cause a population to increase?
a. increased immigration
b. increased emigration
c. increased deaths
d. a rapid change in food source
a. increased immigration
Name 5 limiting factors of an ecosystem.
food, water, space, shelter, climate, weather, competition, resources, predators, disease, etc.
(limiting factor- an environmental factor that causes a population to stop growing or decrease in size)
Why is a food web more accurate than a food chain? Explain in 1 sentence.
(Answers will vary, but are similar to...)
Food chains do not include all of the organisms or food sources in an ecosystem, but a food web does.
**Daily Double**
Make your team's wager.
**DAILY DOUBLE**
Place your team's wager.
In one sentence, explain the difference between predation and parasitism.
Which of the following is not an example of predation?
a. The shrew hunts and eats the grasshopper.
b. The mosquito drinks the blood from a dog.
c. The crab eats the zooplankton from the water.
d. The red fox eats both the frog and the heron.
b. The mosquito drinks the blood from a dog.