Structures of the Skin
the outermost layer of the skin
epidermis
sebaceous glands
composed of mainly keratin and is not living, each hair develops from stem cells located in a bulb at the base of the ________ which is a sheath of epithelial and connective tissue that encloses the hair
hair follicle
what gland help waterproof the skin and keep it moist and supple, even in dry environment. also serves as protection against dehydration
sebaceous glands
a complete and balanced diet will provide the nutrients needed for cell regeneration.
nutrition
the connective tissue portion of the skin that contains many blood vessels, nerve endings, and glands
dermis
the oily secretion that lubricates the skin and hair and prevents drying
sebum
these are made from hardened keratin formed by the epidermis
nails
what do your blood vessels in the skin do when you have cold conditions to reduce blood flow to the surface and diminish heat loss. This is part of regulation of body temperature
constrict
_________ brings oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and also carries away waste materials and toxins that might from during the healing process.
blood supply
this layer of skin connects to the deep fascia covering the underlying muscles and consists of areolar connective tissue and variable amounts of adipose (fat) tissue
subcutaneous layer
these are called sweat glands and are coiled and tube like in structure
sudoriferous glands
the _________ is an extension of the stratum corneum, seals the space between the nail plate and the skin above the root.
cuticle
what type of nerve endings detect pain and moderate changes in temperature
________ is contamination and prolongs inflammation and interferes with the formation of materials needed for wound repair
infection
by the time epidermal cells approach the surface, they have become flat and keratinized, or cornified, forming the uppermost layer of the epidermis which is called
stratum corneum
these sweat glands are located throughout the skin and function to cool the body. They release sweat, or perspiration that draws heat from the skin as the moisture evaporates at the surface.
eccrine
this is the pale part of the nail and is also called the "little moon"
lunula
name 2 functions of the integumentary system
protection against infection
protection against dehydration
regulation of body temperature
collection of sensory information
_______ is generally slower among the elderly reflecting their slower rate of cell replacement
cell repair
cells that produce pigment in the skin are called
melanocytes
these sweat glands present in smaller numbers and are located mainly in the armpits and groin area.
apocrine
new cells develop continuously in a growth region located under the nail's proximal end, a portion called the
nail root
what system may be regarded as one of the body's chief sensory organs
integumentary system
the dermis becomes thinner and the skin may become transparent and lose its elasticity an effect sometimes called _________ skin
parchment