5.1: The Development of Language
All the different words a person uses in speaking or writing.
What is expressive vocabulary?
If learning doesn’t happen during these periods, it never will.
What is critical periods?
Any variety of a language spoken by a particular group.
What is dialect?
People who voluntarily leave their country to become permanent residents in a new place
What is immigrants?
A term also used for students who are learning English when their primary or heritage language is not English- not the preferred term (English language learner; ELL) because of the negative connotations.
What is limited English proficient?
The words a person can understand in spoken or written words.
What is receptive vocabulary?
Times when a person is especially ready to learn certain things or responsive to certain experiences.
What is responsive periods?
Moving between two speech forms.
What is code switching?
A special group of immigrants who also relocate voluntarily, but who are fleeing their home country because it is not safe
What is refugees?
A lack of proficiency in any language; speaking one or more languages inadequately.
What is semilingaul?
To apply a rule of syntax or grammar in situations where the rule does not apply, for example, “the bike was broked.”
What is overregularize?
The language spoken in the student’s home or by members of the family
Different ways of talking for males and females
What is Genderlects?
A metaphor for the absorption and assimilation of immigrants into the mainstream of society so that ethnic differences vanish.
What is melting pot?
An environment that teaches English rapidly by maximizing instruction in English and using English at a level appropriate to the abilities of the students in the class who are English language learners.
What is structured English immersion?
The rules for when and how to use language to be an effective communicator in a particular culture.
What is pragmatics?
Adding a second language capability without losing your heritage language.
What is Balanced bilingualism?
Speaking two languages and dealing appropriately with the two different cultures.
What is bilingual?
A model that explains the school achievement problems of ethnic minority students by assuming that their culture is inadequate and does not prepare them to succeed in school
What is cultural deficit model?
Approach to teaching that improves English language skills while teaching content to students who are English language learners by putting the words and concepts of the content into context to make the content more understandable.
What is sheltered instruction?
Understanding about one’s own use of language.
What is metalinguistic awareness?
The entire range of language used in elementary, secondary, and university level schools including words, concepts, strategies, and processes from academic subjects
What is academic language?
The skills and knowledge, usually developed in the preschool years, that are the foundation for the development of reading and writing.
What is emergent literacy?
Knowledge that families and community members have acquired in many areas of work, home, and religious life that can become the basis for teaching
What is funds of knowledge?
An observational system to check that each element of sheltered instruction is present for a teacher.
What is sheltered instruction observation protocol?