Memory Basics
This type of memory has a large capacity and contains experience and information accumulated throughout your lifetime.
What is Long-Term Memory?
This refers to the finding that people generally process pleasant items more accurately than unpleasant ones.
What is the Pollyanna Principle?
In the "Lost in the Mall" study, researchers demonstrated that it is possible to implant these in participants.
What are False Memories?
This specific type of memory stores your knowledge about "how" to do things, like riding a bike or driving.
What is Procedural Memory?
This effect occurs when people are given misleading information after an event, which then changes their memory of the original event.
What is the Post-event Misinformation Effect?
According to the videos, this type of testimony is often persuasive to a jury but can be highly inaccurate due to the reconstructive nature of memory.
What is Eyewitness Testimony?
This is the process of taking information in and representing it in your memory.
What is Encoding?
This term describes our tendency to remember our past attitudes and behaviors as being more consistent with our current ones than they actually were.
What is Consistency Bias?
This perspective suggests that some memories (like childhood trauma) can be forgotten for years and then retrieved later in adulthood.
What is the Recovered-memory perspective?
This is the term for your organized, general knowledge about the world, such as knowing the capital of a state.
What is Semantic Memory?
This specific type of error occurs when you think you saw something at a crime scene because it fits your "expectations" or general knowledge of that setting.
What is Schema-driven error?
This theory describes how a child might inhibit memories of abuse by a caregiver in order to maintain a necessary attachment to that person.
What is Betrayal Trauma?
This principle states that recall is better if the context at the time of retrieval matches the context at the time of encoding.
What is the Encoding-Specificity Principle?
This occurs when you try to identify whether an event actually happened or if you merely imagined it.
What is Reality Monitoring?
These are memories for surprising and emotional events (like 9/11) that feel very vivid, though they are often no more accurate than normal memories.
What are Flashbulb Memories?