Motivation Basics
What is motivation?
The forces that cause people to behave in certain ways.
What does M stand for in the performance equation?
Motivation.
Who proposed the Hierarchy of Needs?
Abraham Maslow.
What are the three needs in Alderfer’s ERG Theory?
Existence, Relatedness and Growth.
What does motivation help employees do?
Work harder and achieve goals.
What does A stand for?
What is the lowest level of Maslow’s hierarchy?
Physiological needs.
Which McClelland need is the desire to influence others?
Need for Power.
Name ONE area where motivation matters besides the workplace.
Education / Health & Lifestyle.
Does high motivation always guarantee high performance?
No.
What need involves recognition, status and respect?
Esteem
What does SMART stand for in goal setting?
Specific, Measurable, Action-oriented, Realistic/Relevant, Time-based.
How can motivation help an organization achieve its goals?
Motivated employees put more effort into their work and cooperate better.
An employee is highly motivated but does not have the skills needed for the job. What happens to their performance?
Their performance may still be low.
According to McGregor, which theory assumes employees dislike work and avoid responsibility?
Theory X.
Giving an employee praise or a bonus to encourage good behaviour is what type of reinforcement?
Positive reinforcement.
Give TWO ways motivation can benefit an organization.
Improve employee efficiency and help attract and retain employees.
What TWO factors must exist together to achieve maximum performance?
High motivation and adequate ability
What is the main difference between Theory X and Theory Y?
Theory X sees employees as needing control, while Theory Y sees employees as capable of self-direction and willing to accept responsibility.
In Vroom’s Expectancy Theory, what are the three stages?
Effort → Performance → Reward