TERMS
Rebirth in art, writing, architecture, learning, and culture
Renaissance
The banking family that came to dominate Florence
Medici Family
someone who financially supports an artist or the arts
patron
this document started the Reformation; formal statements attacking “pardon-merchants”
95 Theses
painting on wet plaster
fresco
A movement of religious reform
Reformation
Followers of Martin Luther
Lutherans
the epicenter of the Italian Renaissance
Florence
the German state where the Reformation began
Saxony
Learned from studying Leonardo and Michelangelo; One of favorite subjects was Madonna and Child (Virgin mary)
Raphael
the name for when writers wrote in their native language rather than Greek or Latin
vernacular
Pope that admitted that he had fathered several children
Alexander VI
Italian poet, writer, theorist, philosopher, and political thinker; Referred to as the “Father of the Italian language”; Wrote “The Divine Comedy”
Dante
this helped to spread ideas critical of the Church
printing press
Painter, sculptor, inventor, and scientist; Interested in how things work; One famous work - The Mona Lisa
Leonardo da Vinci
an intellectual movement that focused more on human potential and achievements
Humanism
The princes in Germany that supported Luther banded together to protest against those who were against Luther’s ideas, became known as this
Protestants
Explains how a ruler can gain power and keep it in spite of his enemies; Said most people are selfish, fickle, and corrupt; Not concerned with what was morally right but what was politically effective
The Prince
Holy Roman Emperor that summoned Luther to Worms in 1521 to recant (take back) his statements
Charles V
Renaissance man: sculptor, painter, architect, and poet; Famous for way he portrayed the human body
Michaelangelo
Renaissance painters used this which showed three dimensions on a flat surface with a vanishing point in the middle
perspective
sheltered Luther while Luther translated the New Testament into German
Frederick the Wise of Saxony
Told in Italy during the Black Death; About 7 women and 3 men who hide in a villa for two weeks and tell a different story each night; A series of realistic, sometimes off-colored stories
The Decameron
Luther took a stand against this person who was selling indulgences to pay for the rebuilding of St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome
Johann Tetzel
Sometimes called the father of humanism; Great poet- wrote in both Italian and Latin
Petrarch