Section 1
Which geographic feature of Ancient Egypt is a major body of water that borders Africa, Europe, and the near East?
Mediterranean Sea
What two things did Egyptians believe about spirits in the afterlife?
Sprits continue living after a person dies. Spirits need a body in the afterlife.
Which individual in ancient Egypt made up the highest social class?
the Pharoah
What did the middle class of ancient Egypt provide to the ruling class?
goods and services
As powerful leaders and dynasties, what did pharaohs establish in ancient Egypt?
regional and local governments that controlled many aspects of Egyptian life, a strong central government
Which geographic feature of Ancient Egypt is a body of water that forms part of the border between Africa and the Near East?
Red Sea
How did ancient Egyptians gain more resources?
trading with neighboring civilizations
Why do archaeologists believe the pyramids were built?
to be the dead pharaoh’s palace in the afterlife
What are two kinds of people who were in the ruling class of ancient Egypt?
the pharaoh’s vizier, priests, nobles, highly educated people
What ancient Egyptian achievement matches the following description:
massive stone monuments, many are still standing today
The Pyramids
Which geographic feature of Ancient Egypt is large desert landform that stretches most of the way across northern Africa, and is the largest desert in the world?
Sahara Desert
What ancient Egyptian achievement matches the following description:
a statue with the body of a lion and the head of a pharaoh
Sphinx at Giza
What vocabulary word means a person trained to write and keep records?
scribe
What vocabulary word means the spread of people, ideas, technology, and products from one culture to another?
cultural diffusion
Why did the Egyptians invent the process of mummification?
They believed spirits in the afterlife needed a body, so they invented a way to preserve a person’s body.
What natural boundary protected ancient Egypt from outside invaders?
the heat of the Sahara Desert, very little rainfall
How did Ramses the Great grow the Egyptian kingdom?
by growing the military and conquering territories
What ancient Egyptian achievement matches the following description:
a system of writing that uses picture-like symbols
Hieroglyphics
What ancient Egyptian achievement matches the following description:
a paper-like material and the world’s first form of parchment
Papyrus
What vocabulary word means focusing on efficiently producing a limited number of goods and services?
specialization
Why is Egypt known as the “Land of the Nile?”
The ancient Egyptians depended on the waters of the Nile River for survival.
What two kinds of people made up the lower class in ancient Egypt? What were their rights?
peasants and enslaved people; The peasants were farmers given land by the pharaoh. Enslaved people had no rights, no money, and no education.
Why were archaeologists able to discover so much about Egyptian burial practices when King Tutankhamun’s tomb was discovered?
The tomb had not been found by robbers, so valuable objects were still inside.
What are two examples of cultural diffusion between Egypt and Nubia?
they spoke the Egyptian language, wore similar clothing, engaged in Egyptian politics, worshiped Egyptian gods, and buried Nubian leaders in pyramids.
What did Queen Hatshepsut encourage instead of military conquest?
interaction and trade