Producing and Detecting Sound
Sounds travels fastest through______ and slowest through ______
Solids, gases
How is the amplitude of sound related to energy?
The greater the energy, the greater the sounds amplitude
How does an echo form?
a reflected sound wave off a surface and back to the observers ear.
Name the three parts of the ear? Which is the eardrum located?
outer, middle, inner. middle
Name three job occupations that might be exposed to noise pollution?
aircraft, construction, landscape, etc.
How is Sound Produced?
by vibrations in the material that carries the wave
What is the relationship between wavelength, frequency, and pitch?
As wavelength decreases, frequency and pitch increase
What impact does echolocation have on animals?
It allows them to locate and communicate. Also, determine the shape, size, texture, and speed of an object in relation to their position
What are fundamentals and overtones?
fundamentals- lowest frequency a material naturally vibrates
overtones- anything higher than the fundamental
An ultrasound scanner for a pregnant woman is called?
sonogram
What two factors affect the speed of sound?
Density and stiffness
How can you tell that sounds have the same intensity?
The amplitudes of the sound waves are equal
What are the impacts of transmission, absorption, and reflection?
transmission- allows some sound waves to pass through materials
Absorption- transfer of energy of sound waves through mediums
Reflection- Bouncing of waves off different materials.
What are the three types of instruments as well as our own instrument?
string, wind, percussion, and vocal cords
What are beats?
Waves of slightly interference occur. Repeating increases and decreases in amplitude.
Describe the motion of an air particle as sound passes through it.
The particle in the air vibrates back and forth parallel to the direction the wave travels
What is The Doppler Effect? For it to occur what must be happening to the sound source?
The change of pitch when a sound source is moving in relation to an observer. The sound source must be in motion in relation to the observer.
What are the two ways sounds waves can be controlled?
Shape and materials
What is the purpose and functions of each part of the human ear?
The outer ear collects sound waves.
The middle ear amplifies sound.
The inner ear sends signals about sound to the brain.
What types of materials might you use in a movie theater to keep sound from reflecting off the walls?
I would use softer materials, such as fabric, that would absorb sound rather than reflect sound.
The speed of sound also changes when the _____ of the medium changes.
What is the results?
Temperature, faster in warm air and slower in warm liquid or slower in cold air and faster in cold liquids.
What is the cause and effect of resonance?
cause- an objects vibrations cause nearby objects to vibrate at the same frequency and the object absorbs energy from those vibrations.
effect- an increase in loudness
Explain how sonar works. What does it do? What is the result?
send a high-frequency sound wave into the water and measure the amount of time between when the sound wave leaves and when it bounces back to calculate the distance of objects from the ship.
What is the vibrating media for the three types of instruments? 3,3,2
string- string, air, and instrument
wind- air, instrument, a reed and or lips
percussion- instrument and air
Listening to loud sounds over time can also damage the tiny ____ cells in the ______, making hearing less sensitive.
cochlea