Name that macromolecule!
This macromolecule class includes polymers such as glycogen and starch.
carbohydrates
What bond connects amino acids to form a protein?
peptide bond (type of covalent bond)
What is the primary function of nucleic acids?
storage of genetic information
Name the types of covalent bonds found in each of the four macromolecule groups.
carbohydrates = glycosidic linkages
lipids = NONE
proteins = peptide bonds
amino acids = phosphodiester bonds
Phosphodiester linkages are found between monomers in this macromolecule.
nucleic acids
What makes up a triglyceride?
glycerol + 3 fatty acids
What is the function of glycogen? What type of macromolecule is this?
energy storage in animals - carbohydrate
What functional group do all carbohydrates possess?
hydroxyl (OH)
This macromolecule does not form true polymers.
lipids
How does the structure of starch differ from the structure of cellulose?
both are carbohydrates found in plants, but starch is BRANCHED while cellulose is UNBRANCHED
Which level of protein structure includes alpha helices and beta sheets?
secondary
This functionally diverse macromolecule class contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and sometimes sulfur.
proteins
Name one difference between DNA and RNA.
DNA: double stranded, long, deoxyribose sugar, ATCG bases
RNA: single stranded, short, ribose sugar, AUCG bases
What is the name of the process that causes a protein to become non-functional?
denaturation
What component of an amino acid allows different amino acids to display different characteristics?
R group (also called "side chain")