Chapter 5 Review

Mendeleev

100

The usefulness of Mendeleev’s periodic table was confirmed by

• the discovery of subatomic particles.
• its immediate acceptance by other scientists.
• the discovery of elements with predicted properties.
• the discovery of the nucleus.

• the discovery of elements with predicted properties.

200

Mendeleev gave the name eka-aluminum to a(an)

• compound containing aluminum.
• mixture of aluminum and an unknown element.
• unknown element he predicted would have properties similar to those of aluminum.
• rare isotope of aluminum.

• unknown element he predicted would have properties similar to those of aluminum.

300

The atomic mass of an element is the sum of what?

Protons and Neutrons

400

Moving from left to right across a row of the periodic table, which of the following values increases by exactly one from element to element?

atomic number

500

Mendeleev arranged the known chemical elements in a table according to increasing what?

mass

Reactivity

100

Atoms of the most reactive elements tend to have

• eight valence electrons.
• four or five valence electrons.
• no valence electrons.
• one or seven valence electrons

• one or seven valence electrons

200

To keep them from reacting, some highly reactive elements

a. water.                             b. pure oxygen.

c. liquid mercury.              d. argon.

d. argon

300

The tendency of an element to react chemically is closely related to what?

# of valence electrons

400

Which element is found in nature only in compounds?

a. sodium                            b. helium

c. oxygen                            d. nitrogen

a. sodium

500

The column on the far left of the periodic table contains the

a. most reactive metals.         

b. most reactive nonmetals.

c. least reactive nonmetals. 

 d. least reactive metals.

a. most reactive metals.

Use Your Table!!!

100

Which of these Group 1A elements is the most reactive?

a. Cs (cesium)                     b. Li (lithium)

c. K (potassium)                 d. Na (sodium)

Cesium

200

Which of these Group 7A elements is the most reactive?

a. Cl (chlorine)                   b. I (iodine)

c. F (fluorine)                     d. Br (bromine)

fluorine

300

Which halogen is most likely to react?

a. Br (bromine)                   b. F (fluorine)

c. I (iodine)                         d. Cl (chlorine)

fluorine

400

An alkali metal has one valence electron, while an alkaline earth metal has ?

two

500

Two highly reactive elements in Period 4 are the metal potassium and the element what?

nonmetal Bromine

Grab Bag

100

The standard on which the atomic mass unit is based is the mass of a

a. proton.                            b. neutron.

c. chlorine-35 atom.           d. carbon-12 atom.

d. carbon-12 atom.

200

Which element is found in most of the compounds in your body except for water?

a. iodine          b. potassium         

 c. iron          d. carbon

d. carbon

300

How is the atomic mass of an element determined?

• Average the atomic masses of all its isotopes.
• Use the atomic mass of the most abundant isotope.
• Take a weighted average of the masses of the isotopes present in nature.
• Count the number of protons and neutrons in an atom of the element.

• Take a weighted average of the masses of the isotopes present in nature.

400

One-twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom is used to define a(an)

a. atomic number.              b. atomic mass.

c. mass number.                 d. atomic mass unit.

d. atomic mass unit.

500

At room temperature, none of the metals are what state of matter?

gases

Metals and Metalloids

100

In a periodic table, a set of properties repeats from

a. element to element.       b. group to group.

c. column to column.        d. row to row.

b. group to group.

200

Which list of elements contains only metals?

• helium, carbon, gold
• sodium, chromium, copper
• iodine, iron, nickel
• phosphorus, nitrogen, oxygen

• sodium, chromium, copper

300

Which general statement does NOT apply to metals?

• Most metals are ductile.
• Most metals are malleable.
• Most metals are brittle.
• Most metals are good conductors of electric current.

• Most metals are brittle.

400

Among the alkali metals, the tendency to react with other substances

• does not vary among the members of the group.
• increases from top to bottom within the group.
• varies in an unpredictable way within the group.
• decreases from top to bottom within the group.

• increases from top to bottom within the group.

500

Which statement is true about the metalloid silicon?

• Silicon is a better conductor of an electric current than silver is.
• Silicon does not conduct electric current under any conditions.
• Silicon’s ability to conduct an electric current does not vary with temperature.
• Silicon is a better conductor of an electric current than sulfur is.

• Silicon is a better conductor of an electric current than sulfur is.