People
Father of the Constitution
James Madison
What did Spain do to hurt the U.S.?
Closed the Mississippi River to US shipping
Amendment
A formal change to the constitution
Wrote most of the federalist essays
Alexander Hamilton
Checks and Balances
Keeps any branch or government from becoming too powerful
Gathered 2,000 farmers and attacked courthouses to prevent the sale of their property
Daniel Shays
One of the three branches in charge of making the laws - (Congress)
9 states needed to ratify the Constitution for it to become the law of the land
Ratification
Anti-Federalist
Against the Constitution
Did not have President and national court system
Articles of Confederation
Believed that the people have rights and it is up to the ruler to protect these rights
John Locke
2 parts of Congress
Senate and the House of Representatives
Great Compromise
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
DOUBLE JEOPARDY An agreement that created a two-house legislature to please both large and small states
Federalist
In favor of the Constitution
Executive Branch
One of the three branches in charge of carrying out the laws - (President)
Said there needs to be separation of powers
Motesquieu
Judicial Branch
One of the three branches in charge of deciding if the laws are Constitutional (Courts)
Bill of Rights
10 of the proposed amendments intended to protect citizens’ rights
Showed the weakness in the Articles of Confederation
Shays Rebellion
Three-Fifths Compromise
Said that only three-fifths of a state’s slave population would count when determining representation
George Washington
Was elected the president of the Constitutional Convention
Closed ports to American ships and forced American merchants to pay high taxes on imports and exports
Britain
Federalism
The sharing of power between a central government and the states that make up a country
Explain the Federalist Papers
Essays, written by the Federalists, supporting the Constitution
Influences on the Constitution (5)
Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Enlightenment thinkers, self-government, suffrage