Stress that pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions is called
What is shearing?
100
In a strike-slip fault, the rocks on either side of the fault slip past each other sideways with little
What is up-or-down motion?
100
These are vibrations similar to sound waves. They travel through Earth carrying energy released by an earthquake.
What are seismic waves?
100
This is something that can cause damage days or months after a large earthquake.
What is an aftershock?
100
Suppose two normal faults cause valleys to drop down on either side of a block of rock. As the hanging wall of each normal fault slips downward, the block between forms a
What is fault-block mountain?
200
In a normal fault, the part of the fault that lies below the other part is called the
What is footwall?
200
Which type of stress force produces reverse faults?
What is compression?
200
The type of seismic waves that arrive at the surface first and move by compressing and expanding the ground like an accordion are called
What are P waves?
200
The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake is called the
What is focus?
200
The seismic waves that travel along the Earth's surface and produce the most severe ground movements are called
What is surface waves?
300
A fold in rock that bends upward into an arch is called
What is an anticline?
300
The stress that pulls on the crust where two plates are moving apart is called
What is tension?
300
S waves are also known as
What are secondary waves?
300
The rating system that estimates the total energy released by an earthquake is called the
What is moment magnitude scale?
300
Shearing creates ________________ faults, like the San Andreas fault in California.
What is strike-slip?
400
A large area of flat land elevated high above sea level is called a
What is plateau?
400
The block of rock that lies above a fault is called the
What is hanging wall?
400
Compared to P waves and S waves, surface waves move slower/faster/at the same rate.
What is slower?
400
The earliest scale for measuring the magnitude of an earthquake is called the
What is Richter scale?
400
A fault that is formed when compression causes the hanging wall to move over the foot wall is called a _____________ fault.
What is reverse?
500
A force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume is called
What is stress?
500
Layers of rock that bend can produce a downward fold known as a
What is syncline?
500
Seismic waves that vibrate from side to side and up and down through solids only are known as
What are S waves?
500
Which scale would most likely be used to tell how much earthquake damage was done to homes and other buildings?
What is the Mercalli scale?
500
The point beneath the surface where rock breaks and an earthquake starts is the