In this type of learning, one observes fearful reactions in others.
What is Observational Learning.
100
In this classical conditioning model, the NS becomes associated with the UR and thus produces the same response as the UR.
What is the S-R Model.
100
The Rescorla-Wagner theory proposes that a given ____ can support only so much conditioning
Unconditioned stimulus
100
A behavioral treatment for phobias that involves pairing relaxation with a succession of stimuli that elicit increasing levels of fear.
Systematic desensitization
100
A drug effect must be stronger than a _____ effect to be considered effective.
Placebo
200
This is an individual's often genetically-based baseline of reactivity to stimuli.
What is Temperament.
200
In this type of classical conditioning, the NS becomes associated with the US and thus produces the same response as the US.
What is the S-S Model.
200
Certain stimuli are capable of elicit a ______ (A-process) and ________ response (B-process).
Primary and compensatory
200
The procedure whereby a CS that elicits one type of response is associated with an event that elicits an incompatible response.
Counterconditioning
200
The term used for exposure to a real phobic stimulus or event, rather than imagined
In vivo
300
This is the ability for some to learn certain types of associations more quickly than others.
What is Preparedness.
300
In this theory, the CS substitutes for the US.
What is Stimulus-Substitution Theory.
300
A theory of classical conditioning that proposes that a given US can support only so much conditioning and that this amount of conditioning must be distributed among the various CSs available
Rescorla-Wagner Theory
300
A behavioral treatment for phobias that involves prolonged exposure to a feared stimulus, thereby providing maximal opportunity for the conditioned fear response to be extinguished.
Flooding therapy
300
What is the first step in systematic desensitization?
Relaxation Training
400
This is one’s ability to control his/her environment.
What is History of Control.
400
In this theory, the CR prepares an organism for the presentation of the US.
What is Preparatory-Response Theory.
400
The decrease in the conditioned response that occurs when two separately conditioned CSs are combined into a compound stimulus for further pairings with the US.
Overexpectation effect
400
A form of behavior therapy that attempts to reduce the attractiveness of a desired event by associating it with an aversive stimulus.
Aversion therapy
400
Using imaginal stimuli rather than real stimuli in aversion therapy
Covert sensitization
500
This is a strengthening of a fear response to an aversive stimulus based on having this stimulus introduced in very short intervals.
What is Incubation.
500
In this response, light is paired with food and the light can be perceived as being edible.
What is Sign-Tracking.
500
A model of conditioning in which a CS that has been repeatedly associated with the primary response (a-process) to a US will eventually come to elicit a compensatory response (b-process).
Compensatory-Response Model
500
The process whereby certain responses are incompatible with each other and the occurrence of one response necessarily inhibits the other.
Reciprocal inhibition
500
Sometimes the conditioning results in a CR that appears to be the opposite of the __________.