Muscle Structure & Properties
what property of the muscle allows it to return to its original length after being stretched?
Elasticity
concentric contraction
this muscle fiber type is best suited for marathon runners because it resists fatigue.
type 1
this phase of the stretch-shortening cycle happens first and stores elastic energy in the muscle-tendon unit.
eccentric phase
this injury occurs when a muscle is overstretched or partially torn.
strains
the connective tissue component surrounds the muscle fibers & runs parallel to them.
parallel elastic component (PEC)
when repeated stimuli are delivered rapidly enough, individual twitches blend together into this.
fused tetanus
this fast twitch fiber type has characteristics between Type 1 and Type 11b.
type 11a
a quick dip before jumping higher is an example of this movement principle.
stretch-shortening phase
inflammation of a tendon is called what?
tendinitis
the repeating functional unit inside a muscle fiber contains thick and thin filaments.
sacromere
according to the force-velocity relationship, force changes in this direction as shortening speed increases.
decreases
power is calculated by multiplying force by this variable.
velocity
during a countermovement jump, the downward motion is this type of contraction.
eccentric contraction
repeated overuse of the achilles tendon could lead to this specific type of pathology.
achilles tendinitis
a larger angle between the fibers and tendon generally allows a muscle to produce more of this.
force
this term describes the time lag between the electrical signal in the muscle and the actual force output.
mechanical delay
a sprinter relying on explosive, high-force movements would primarily use this fiber type.
type 11b
elastic energy is primarily stored in these two structures during the stretch-shortening cycle.
tendon/SEC & connective tissue around the muscle
this kind of contraction is most commonly associated with muscle strains because the muscle is lengthening under tension.
eccentric contraction
name all four behavioral properties of the musculotendinous unit.
extensibility, elasticity, irritability, contractibility
of the 3 main contraction types, this one usually produces the greatest amount of force.
eccentric contractions
put these in order from slowest to fastest contraction: Type 11b, Type 1, and Type 11a.
type 1 - type 11a - type 11b
explain why a countermovement jump is usually higher than a squat jump.
countermovement jumps use stored elastic energy & reflexes from stretch-shortening cycle
compare a muscle strain and tendinitis by describing what tissue is injured in each.
strains injure muscle tissues while tendinitis injures tendons